怎样写好英语段落

　　主题句指出影响气候几个因素。然后用四个扩展句说明四种因素。第一种是太阳光接收量，第二种是海拔高度，第三句和第四句分别是海洋和大气环流因素。
　　2.2、次要推展句
　　次要推展句（minor supporting statement）是指对主要推展句作进一步事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个推展句。
　　例2：（主题句）I don't teach because teaching is easy for me.（主要推展句1）Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer.（主要推展句2）For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession.（次要推展句1）Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing.（次要推展句2）Sweaty-palm, because I'm always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am.（次要推展句3）Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.
　　从属于主要推展句2三个次要推展句起着解释说明作用，分别解释red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach含义，这就更加形象生动地证明了“teaching is not easy”这个主题。
　　2.3、主要推展句与次要推展句关系
　　主要推展句与次要推展句关系（relation）基本可以遵循下面“三部分”（three-part）规则。
　　1）、每个主要推展句都应该是对主题句中表示主要思想关键词直接、明确说明。
　　2）、每个次要推展句都应该说明它主要推展句。
　　3）、含有讨论说明或分析问题通常既要有主要推展素材，又要有次要推展素材。
　　2.4、写好推展句方法
　　主题句及关键词确定后，开始选择和主题有关信息和素材。实质上，针对关键词测试每一个所选择素材就是一个分类过程。有一种常用方法就是句子展开前加以设问，然后解答，即设问－解答（why-because）方法。下面我们通过举例来看一看这种分类过程是如何完成。例3：假设 （suppose）Topic sentence: English is an international language?设问（why）Why can we say English is an international language?
解答（because）Because: English is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world.
Because: Over 70 percent of the world's mail is written in English.
Because: More than 60 percent of the world's radio programs are in English.
Because: Pakistan was once one of the British colonies.
Because: Many members of the International Language Society are selected from English-spoken countries.
　　从上面可以看出，最初三个推展句是和关键词an international language一致。第四句和主题句不统一，尽管第四句会成为另一主题句（Many Pakistanis speak English）很好推展句。第五句说服力不强。
　　当然，在写成段落时，没有必要在每个句子开头写上 "because"，但是，在动笔展开句子时，头脑里要想着这个词，这种检验方法能帮助你把注意力集中在某个重心，围绕主题思想层层展开。
　　上面我们讨论了主要推展句一种展开方法。而展开次要推展句方法与主要推展句类似，这里我们就不再复述了。

段落发展手段及结尾段写法
　　在上一讲我们讲了主题句，推展句写法；这一讲我们要进一步来谈一谈段落发展几种手段以及结尾段写法。段落发展几种手段：

　　1、列举法（details）
　　作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列论据对topic sentence中摆出论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举顺序可以按照所列各点内容相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。

　　Yesterday as one of those aful days for me hen everything I did ent rong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for ork. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting ith my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my ne skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that as in it. After lunch, my boss as angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "et Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. hen I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a indo to get in and cut my hand.
　　根据本段主题句中关键词组everything I did ent rong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。常用于列举法过渡连接词有：for one thing , for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also等。

　　2、举例法（example）
　　作者通过举出具体事例来阐述、说明主题句内容，严格地讲，举例法也是列举法一种，它们区别在于：列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少。我们来看下面这个用举例法展开段落。

　　There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those ho enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a alk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go simming in the summer and go skating in the inter. In short, no matter hat their interests are, people can alays find more than one sports that are suitable to them.

　　本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句中关键词组different forms of exercises，这三个例子分别由连接词for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最后由引导结尾句总结全段内容。举例法中常用连接词有：for example（instance）, one example is, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition等。

　　3、叙述法（narration）
　　叙述法发展段落主要是按照事物本身时间或空间排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词使用，有层次分步骤地表达主题句一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物本末，从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章含义，例如：

　　In the flat opposite, a oman heard the noise outside. hen she looked out through the indo, she discovered that her neighbor as threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In anser to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen ent inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping.

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