隐喻和大学英语词汇教学

　　 iii．Teaching the collocation of phrases and verbs with metaphor
　　 Third， the teacher can teach the collocation of phrases and that of verbs with a metaphorical way. In college English vocabulary teaching， take the Up and Down as an example. The word up usually holds affirmative， positive， active meaning，whereas the word down often implies negative， passive meaning. For example， in the sentence I’m really down today， the word down means unhappy. Then， more examples: The phrase the upper strata of society refers to those who are near to the first-class and they lead a rich and stylistic life. An up-market resort refers to the resort where those multi-millionaires always go to. The down-market books refer to those cheap， unqualified ones which the poor people buy.
　　
　　 In a word， when we relate vocabulary-learning to metaphor， it is not a simple category of memorizing words any more， but up to a new field of cognitive semantics and even pragmatics. So after that， when students come across such sentences as Age withered her， or He is a green hand， they won’t feel puzzled or confused， and even really feel joyful during the study. If teachers can put metaphor well into vocabulary teaching， students’ ability of thought and skill of comprehensive analysis will be strengthened. Furthermore， it is a teaching process of students-centered which is good to train them to build up their ability of using English language.
　　IV．Conclusion
　　 Metaphor， a strong and useful tool for human beings’ cognition about the world outside and inner side， is an important means for foreign language learners to inquire into the cognitive way and the culture of another ethnics .We gradually realize the function of metaphor together with the development of cognitive linguistics. The human language， which exists as the outer symbol that touches the world in a metaphorical way， incarnates its specific property at any time and any where. After people understand metaphor much further， the metaphorical way of college English vocabulary teaching can largely make up for the insufficiency of surficial memory. It can stimulate students to think deeply of the meaning of every word， and on their’s own initiative their efficiency of word-learning will definitely go to the upper stairs， so will their depth of comprehension. In addition， the character of cognition and mapping of metaphor can widen students’ ways of language studying， and then save their time. of course， there is a long way to go for the metaphorical method of word-teaching， so it can not solve all the problems which language learners confront. In the English vocabulary teaching process， teachers should not forget to integrate this method with the traditional way， and do it with the consideration of students’ language standard and their cognitive ability， use metaphor flexiblely.
　　
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