2010年中考英语应试技巧(五)
第4题,学生对“help yourself to...”这一句型比较熟悉,极易误选A。但题干中的the guests暗示Mrs Green是对不止一个客人说的,故正确答案为D。
第二,受母语负迁移作用的影响,用汉语思维影响其判断的准确性。
有这样一道单项填空题:
Who taught English last term?
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
同学们对这句话的意思一目了然,即:上学期谁教你们英语?常误选B。但teach后跟双宾语,应该用人称代词宾格,故正确答案为A。
再看一道单项填空题:
—How long can I the book?
—Two weeks.
A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.renew
汉语表达“借书”之意只有“借”一个词,无短暂性与延续性之分,但英语中表达“这本书我可以借多久?”必须用延续性动词。许多学生在答题时常因受汉语的干扰而选A。此题正确答案为B。
第三,利用相似知识设置试题陷阱,造成学生的误解。
有这样一道单项填空题:
They stopped ,but there was no more sound.
A.to listen B.to hear C.listening D.to listen to
此题既考查了listen与hear的区别,又涉及到 stop的用法。stop后跟不定式或V-ing形式均可,但意义不同。stop to do sth.意为“停止正在做的事去做另一件事”;stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。由于but引导的并列分句表示与前者截然相反的情况,故前句只能是开始听,所以正确答案是A。
再看另一道单项填空题:
Do you know if he to the park this Sunday if it ?
A.will go;is fine B.goes;will be fine
C.will go;is going to be fine D.goes;is going to be fine
这道题利用两个if用法的区别来考查学生,前者引导宾语从句,意为“是否”;后者引导条件状语从句,意为“假如”。因宾语从句的时间状语是this Sunday,故第一个空用将来时,而条件状语从句则用一般现在时态代替将来时态,故正确答案为A。
因此,面对一份试卷,了解陷阱所在及解陷阱的类型是非常重要的。否则,会一次又一次地跌入陷阱,弄得遍体鳞伤,后悔莫及。
针对以上英语试卷中所设计的各种类型的陷阱,笔者认为,在平时指导学生的时候应注意以下三点: 1.指导学生对具体问题作具体分析 掌握基本句型和惯用法固然重要,但不能死记硬背,生搬硬套,而应从试题的具体语境出发,仔细分析基本成分和结构。
2.教导学生学会用英语的方式进行思维,汉语意思仅仅供我们参考,不能把每个题目都翻译成中文后再进行中文式的判断。在平常的练习中,应引导学生走入英语的情景中,在情景中按英语的习惯,用英语的方式思维,注意词与词的搭配,成分与成分之间的关系。
3.教导学生学会瞻前顾后,要有一盘棋的思想
要求学生认真审题,仔细分析题干,冷静思考选项,找准该题的知识考点,通过权衡比较,正确作出选择。
总之,做好一份英语试卷就像打一场地雷战,首先要了解对方雷的布局及雷的种类,知己知彼,才能百战不殆。这样,才能成为真正的扫雷英雄。
选择填空典型例题解析
例1(河北省,2002)
选择最佳选项填空。
(1) I'm old enough to wash________ clothes by myself. You
can just wash________
A. my, your B. mine, yours
C. my, yours D. your, my
(2) The father wished the twins to be doctors, but ______of
them liked to study medicine.
A. both B. neither
C. either D. none
(3) Now Helen works ___________than before.
A. more carefully B. more careful
C. much careful D. much carefully
(4) We are doing much better____ English ___our teachers' help.
A. in, at B. at, in
C. in, with D. with, with
(5) —Dad, when will you be free? You agreed to go to the
seaside with me four days ago.
—I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a_____ holi-
day soon.
A. four - days B. four - day
C. four days D. four day
(6) —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.
—OK. Let's give him _______________ to eat.
A. something different B. different anything
C. anything different D. different something
(7) The letter is_________ in French. I cannot read it.
A. writing B. written
C. wrote D. writes
(8) —Your spoken English is much better.
第二,受母语负迁移作用的影响,用汉语思维影响其判断的准确性。
有这样一道单项填空题:
Who taught English last term?
A.you B.your C.yours D.yourself
同学们对这句话的意思一目了然,即:上学期谁教你们英语?常误选B。但teach后跟双宾语,应该用人称代词宾格,故正确答案为A。
再看一道单项填空题:
—How long can I the book?
—Two weeks.
A.borrow B.keep C.lend D.renew
汉语表达“借书”之意只有“借”一个词,无短暂性与延续性之分,但英语中表达“这本书我可以借多久?”必须用延续性动词。许多学生在答题时常因受汉语的干扰而选A。此题正确答案为B。
第三,利用相似知识设置试题陷阱,造成学生的误解。
有这样一道单项填空题:
They stopped ,but there was no more sound.
A.to listen B.to hear C.listening D.to listen to
此题既考查了listen与hear的区别,又涉及到 stop的用法。stop后跟不定式或V-ing形式均可,但意义不同。stop to do sth.意为“停止正在做的事去做另一件事”;stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。由于but引导的并列分句表示与前者截然相反的情况,故前句只能是开始听,所以正确答案是A。
再看另一道单项填空题:
Do you know if he to the park this Sunday if it ?
A.will go;is fine B.goes;will be fine
C.will go;is going to be fine D.goes;is going to be fine
这道题利用两个if用法的区别来考查学生,前者引导宾语从句,意为“是否”;后者引导条件状语从句,意为“假如”。因宾语从句的时间状语是this Sunday,故第一个空用将来时,而条件状语从句则用一般现在时态代替将来时态,故正确答案为A。
因此,面对一份试卷,了解陷阱所在及解陷阱的类型是非常重要的。否则,会一次又一次地跌入陷阱,弄得遍体鳞伤,后悔莫及。
针对以上英语试卷中所设计的各种类型的陷阱,笔者认为,在平时指导学生的时候应注意以下三点: 1.指导学生对具体问题作具体分析 掌握基本句型和惯用法固然重要,但不能死记硬背,生搬硬套,而应从试题的具体语境出发,仔细分析基本成分和结构。
2.教导学生学会用英语的方式进行思维,汉语意思仅仅供我们参考,不能把每个题目都翻译成中文后再进行中文式的判断。在平常的练习中,应引导学生走入英语的情景中,在情景中按英语的习惯,用英语的方式思维,注意词与词的搭配,成分与成分之间的关系。
3.教导学生学会瞻前顾后,要有一盘棋的思想
要求学生认真审题,仔细分析题干,冷静思考选项,找准该题的知识考点,通过权衡比较,正确作出选择。
总之,做好一份英语试卷就像打一场地雷战,首先要了解对方雷的布局及雷的种类,知己知彼,才能百战不殆。这样,才能成为真正的扫雷英雄。
选择填空典型例题解析
例1(河北省,2002)
选择最佳选项填空。
(1) I'm old enough to wash________ clothes by myself. You
can just wash________
A. my, your B. mine, yours
C. my, yours D. your, my
(2) The father wished the twins to be doctors, but ______of
them liked to study medicine.
A. both B. neither
C. either D. none
(3) Now Helen works ___________than before.
A. more carefully B. more careful
C. much careful D. much carefully
(4) We are doing much better____ English ___our teachers' help.
A. in, at B. at, in
C. in, with D. with, with
(5) —Dad, when will you be free? You agreed to go to the
seaside with me four days ago.
—I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a_____ holi-
day soon.
A. four - days B. four - day
C. four days D. four day
(6) —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.
—OK. Let's give him _______________ to eat.
A. something different B. different anything
C. anything different D. different something
(7) The letter is_________ in French. I cannot read it.
A. writing B. written
C. wrote D. writes
(8) —Your spoken English is much better.
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