2010年中考英语二轮复习讲练——形容词动词时态、语态

总复习（10讲）动词时态、语态www.zk5u.com

动词分类：实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词；八大时态

时态： 注意：①由谓语动词表示时态；②用时间状语或副词决定时态

形式：一般现在时We work hard.  一般过去时We worked hard.  一般将来时We’ll work hard.  现在进行时We’re working hard.  现在完成时We’re worked hard.  过去进行时We were working hard.  过去将来时We would work hard.  过去完成时We had worked hard.

（一）一般现在时：表客观规律，在条件、时间状语从句中表将来。

1. 标志：often、always、sometimes、usually、every(day、week)

2. 谓语动词：原形或谓语动词+s/es （主语三单）

3. 助动词：do、does。

加s/es规则：①一般加s，如：plays；②以s、x、sh、ch结尾的+es；辅音字母+o+es；如：do does；teach teaches；push pushes；③辅+y  将y变i+es。

1.  Marry is often at home at weekends and   time to her garden.

  A. gives      B. gave      C. had given      D. has given

2. ---What’s wrong with the orange?---It’s   terrible.

  A. is tasting      B. is tasted      C. tastes      D. tasted

（二）一般过去时：①谓语动词+ed； ②助动词用did。

标志：yesterday、last、week、in 1990、three years ago、at that time。

加ed规则：①一般加ed；②以不发音e结尾+d；如：encourage encouraged；

③以辅音+y 将y变i+ed，如：cry cried；④双写：stop stopped；prefer；shop。

1.  ---What did you do on May Day?

---I went shopping with my family.  There   so many people in the street.

  A. was      B. are      C. were

2.  The doctor   a   boy yesterday.

  A. had saved, dying   B. saved,  dead   C. has saved,  dead   D.  saved , dying

3.  Again and again the doctor   the crying,  but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with her.       

A.  looked over   B . look over   C . looked for   D . looked out

重要知识点：www.zk5u.com

1、has/have been to 有去有回  has/have gone to 有去无回

---Hello！May I speak to your father？---Sorry，he     Hangzhou.

A . has come to   B . has been to   C.  has been in   D.  has gone to

---She has     to Shanghai twice.

2、现在完成时标志：just、never、ever、before、yet、already、for、since

  注意：yesterday、last week、two days ago 用于过去时

        Since ……ago 用于现在完成时

  I have never seen the film before.   Father bought that watch two days.

现在完成时：出现for since时，主句用持续性动词

  注：终止性动词变成延续性动词：die---be dead  leave---be away  start---be on

Join---be in  arrive---be have/be in  buy---have  borrow---keep

---I’m sorry to keep.  you waiting.   ---Oh, not at all. I     here only a few minutes.

A. have arrived   B. have been   C. arrived

3、主动结构表变动：①open,  sell, read, write, wash, drive等及物动词用作不及物动词时，主语是物时，用主动语态表被动。

  The car drives well.   This book sells well.   The pen writes well.

 ②look, taste, smell, sound, feel等连系动词表被动

  The song sounds wonderful.   The food tastes good.

③be worth doing 值得做      The story is worth reading.

④want, need, require  做需要讲时，用动ing表被动= to be done

The bike needs repairing.  = The bike needs to be repaired.

4、spend、cost、take、pay区别：人+spend+时间（in）doing = It take （took） sb sth（sometime） to do   花……时间做……

物+cost sb +钱 = 人+spend+钱+on sth = 人+pay+钱+for sth  花钱买某物

---My mother usually     much time shopping in the super market.

A. spend   B. costs   C. takes   D. pays

5、leave sth + 地点  把某物留在某地      forget to do  忘记做……

forget doing  忘记做过某事

---Why don’t you have a notebook with you?  ---I’ve     it at home.

A. lost   B. forgotten   C. left   D. found

6、wear 表状态  be in  have on 表状态  put on 动作  dress oneself 为某人穿衣 well.  The pen writes well.

 days.

 

---The child isn’t old enough to     himself.    A. wear  B. put on  C. have  D. dress

基础知识：www.zk5u.com

1、过去进行时：was/were + 动ing  过去的时间点

①at ten o’clock yesterday   at five last Sunday

②when+ go过去时（终止动词）

 注意：when  while 

 用法：主句+（过去进行时）+when+一般过去时；

主句+（过去进行时或一般过去时）+while+过去进行时。

---Look out when you     the street.

A. crossing   B. are crossing  C. cross

---Don’t wake him up if he     at 7:00 tomorrow morning.

A. is still sleeping  B. sleeping  C. sleeps  D. will sleep

---Her brother     while he     his horse and his leg broken.

  A. fell, was riding  B. fill, ride  C. had fallen, was riding

---He said they     China for Japan.

  A. were leaving  B. are leaving  C. will leave

2、过去将来时：www.zk5u.com

 ①would+动词原形  ②常用于主句是过去时的宾语从句中

③也可用was/were going to + 动词原形  表示：

---What did the teacher say just now?  ---He said that the earth     round the sun.

  A. go   B. goes   C. went   D. will go

---He said that he would call you if he     .

  A. had returned   B. would return   C. returned   D. returns

3、过去完成时：

 ①had + 过去分词  ②by the end of + 过去时间   when+过去时句子

---When we got to the cinema,  the film     for half an hour.

  A. had been on   B. had begun   C. was on   D. begun

---By the end of last tern,  me     over 3000 words.

  A. learned   B. had learned   C. has learned   D. is learning

4、被动语态：

 ①主语常是物  ②be+过去分词  ③各种时态被动态

一般现在时：is, am, are + 过去分词

一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词

一般将来时：will be + 过去分词

情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词

1. The sun ________ in the east. www.zk5u.com

A. is always rising     B. always is rising     C. rises always     D. always rises

2. He often ________ his clothes on Sundays.

A. washing     B. washes     C. has washed     D. wash

3. I’m Japanese. Where ________ from?

A. do you come     B. you are coming     C. you come     D. are you coming

4. A mother who ________ her son will do everything for his happiness.

A. is loving     B. loves     C. loved     D. has loved

5. ________ at a higher temperature than water?

A. Has milk boiled     B. Is milk boiling     C. Does milk boil     D. Was milk boiling

6. He signed to us with his hand, “The lesson is over. You ________.”

A. dismissed    B. are dismissed     C. have dismissed    D. were dismissed

7. I haven’t met him for ages, but his mother ________ him sometimes.

A. had still seen     B. still sees     C. has still seen     D. still saw

8. We will start as soon as our team leader________ .

A. comes     B. will come     C. come     D. is coming

9. I think Jack ________ the answer.

A. has known     B. does know     C. is knowing     D. knows

10. My father ________ George quite well; they were introduced at a party.

A. is knowing     B. was knowing     C. knows     D. had been knowing

11. Where ________ ?

A. Mary works     B. works Mary     C. does Mary works     D. does Mary work

12. I think this question ________ to answer.

A. easy     B. is easy     C. was easy     D. Both A and B

13. ________ oil or butter when you cook it ?

A. Do you use     B. Did you use     C. Were you using     D. Have you used

14. I ________ some newspaper at seven yesterday evening.

A. am reading     B. read     C. was reading     D. will readwww.zk5u.com