2010年中考英语试题答题技巧

一、研究考试说明，明确复习方向　　

　 　

考试说明中明确指出其命题原则：以《全日制义务教育英语课程标准（实验稿）》为依据，按课标五级目标要求控制考试范围。处理好考试说明、课程标准和教材之间的关系。　　

考试采取一次完成听力和书面作答、闭卷考试的方式，设答题卡。　　

试卷总分150分（其中听力30分，笔试120分），考试时间为120分钟。难度为7：2：1　　

考试说明、课程标准和教材三者关系，考试说明是为了考试的需要而依据课程标准制定的。　　

课程标准确定了初中英语测试的内容范围和测试要求。学生通过课内学习，实则是在积淀英语语言素养，形成语用能力 “题在书外，理在书中” 　　

　 　

二、分析试题特点，掌握答题技巧　　

　 　

学生三次模拟答题出现问题及分析　　

1、听力失分点：时间表达、金钱书写、交际用语听力理解能力低。　　

2、单选失分点：反义疑问句、日常交际用语语感、宾语从句语序与时态、语言习惯、固定词组搭配。　　

3、完型填空失分点：词汇量掌握不够、不会分析句子成分　　

      ——应试技巧单一，分析能力差　　

4、阅读失分点：选最佳标题或推断中心思想、总结段意　　

    推测作者观点—学生词汇量不大，阅读量少，对背景知识       掌握的不够。　　

5、翻译失分点：时态、固定搭配、介词、单复数、单词拼  写—学生对已有知识掌握的不够灵活、实际应用能力差　　

6. 作文失分点：书写不规范（不会使用实线格）、书写不整齐、观点立意无外延，不会审题——作文组织语言能力差，书写能力差　　

　 　

（一）听力能力测试要求　　

 九年义务教育教学大纲对初中毕业生的听力能力要求是：能听懂基本上没有生词、浅于所学语言知识的英语国家人士录音的英语材料，每分钟90—100个词左右，听2遍，理解正确率达到70%。能听写与课文有关，结构简单、没有生词的材料。语速每分钟为90—100个词左右，书写速度为每分钟10个词左右。它要求考生在听力测试中能听懂录音材料中的基本内容及重要细节，并据此作出分析、理解、推理和判断，考查考生运用所学的语言知识听音、辨义、理解和反应的能力。听力理解能力是多种能力的综合，是“四会”能力中训练难度最大的技能。 　　

（1）听力训练方法及答题技巧　　

培养和提高听力能力的基本途径要靠平时的勤听多练，做到精听与泛听兼顾。在听音训练过程中一定要养成用英语思维的习惯，要做到能直接听懂单词或句子的确切意思，培养迅速正确理解语义的能力，做到能选择和掌握要点、抓住大意以及培养记忆、逻辑思维判断能力。在此基础上，进而培养听力应试技巧，有效地掌握各类听力试题的题型特点、考查内容及科学的解题方法，达到开拓解题思路，掌握解题技巧，增强应试能力的目的。 　　

短文听力的一般解题技巧是： 　　

1、浏览材料、把握大义、预测答案。对于听写填空题，听音前应先浏览试题所给的书面材料，要跳过空格、通读全文，在把握句子（对话、短文）大意基础上，预测每个空格所应填入的词。 　　

2、只听不写或只写首字母、关注空格、留下提示。第一遍听音时主要听，集中注意力听懂这些句子（对话、短文）的大意，注意听与空格相对应的关键词，一旦听清音、义，应留下适当的记号以作提示。 　　

  3、注重细节、准确书写、检查核对。第二遍听音时要根据听音内容和语速，快速写下有关内容。此时要注重细节，书写时不但要保证语义适用，还要保证语法正确。　　

第二遍听音时一方面补全单词，另一方面进行检查核对。对所填写的词、句，检查其意思是否表达明确、语法是否规范，还要注意书面工整和斟酌大写小写等。 　　

　 　

                    英语基础知识——单项选择题　　

  [试题特点]　　

基础知识的考查覆盖面广，重点突出，避免了纯知识性的死记硬背题；　　

词汇和语法的测试充分考虑到了语言的真实性、实践性以及交际功能；　　

注重语感，突出语言形式向语言意义的转化。　　

　 　

[例析]　　

(   ) 1. My brother  is 1.9metres tall. It’s very ______ to find clothes big  　　

      enough for him.                                               (2009年沈阳)　　

       A. important      B. easy         C. difficult       D. interesting　　

     　　

(  )2. Jack has never been to Disneyland before, but he ___there this summer.                                                           (2007年沈阳)　　

      A. has been        B. is going        C. went             D. goes 　　

    　　

　 　

[答题技巧]　　

由于此类题更注重语境，采取语义、语法相结合的方式，因此学生要认真审题，理解语境，把握题干全部信息并抓住关键词，从词汇、语法、惯用法、交际习惯以及文化、生活常识等方面进行合理分析和推断，力求在语境中找出依据，并根据语感以及对语言知识的掌握来选出正确答案。可采用排除法 、比较法灵活选择。　　

2．交际运用　　

  [试题特点]　　

交际运用是以语言知识中的功能和话题为载体，重点考查学生表达、传递信息、完成相关任务的能力，同时考查学生的文化意识和交际策略。　　

　 　

补全对话（共5分）你从方框内找出相应的句子，并将其代号填入答题卡　　

 W: Hello, Tom. Why didn’t you come to the picnic yesterday?　　

 M: My pen friend Jack came to see me.　　

 W: Jack? ____91_____　　

 M: He’s quite good, helpful and honest. He does well in his lessons. We’re getting on well with each other.　　

 W: ____92____　　

 M: Yes, he likes swimming, and so do I. Also, we both like computers, music and collecting stamps.　　

 W: That sounds great. _____93___　　

 M: He’s handsome, tall, strong and easy to get on with.　　

 W: ____94_____　　

 M: No problem. My friend is your friend. By the way, I heard your father was not well. ____95____ How is he now?　　

 W: His left leg was hurt in a car accident. Nothing serious now. He’s much better.　　

 M: I’m sorry to hear that. I hope he’ll be better soon.　　

　 　

A. Do you have the same interests?　　 B. What does he like?　　 C. Can I know him when he comes next time?　　 D. What’s the matter with him?　　 E. What does he like doing?　　 F. What do you think of him?　　 G. What does he look like?

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

　 　

补全对话—答题技巧　　

  　　

这类试题考查的是情景交际运用，所涉及的功能和话题都紧密地和学生生活联系在一起。因此在答题时，学生必须考虑具体的交际情景，从而判断所使用的话语。　　

客观题要求学生全面掌握信息，认真分析上下文语境，重点考查把握语篇和逻辑思维能力。　　

主观题不仅测试以上提到的能力，对单词拼写、语法、语感也有较高要求，并且主观题一般为开放性试题，答案不唯一。　　

完形填空　　

   [试题特点] 　　

完形填空的文章多是生动有趣、有较强的故事情节、通俗易懂的小故事，有时也是层次清楚的科普文章。　　

完形填空淡化了纯语法的知识，注重了结合上下文来考查对词义的理解，全面测试了学生的阅读理解能力、词汇运用能力和推理判断能力。　　

完型填空-----首字母填空　　

[例析] （2009鞍山）　　

What can I do to protect myself from getting sick?　　

There is no vaccine(疫苗) available right now to protect against this new A-H1N1 virus. There are everyday actions that can help prevent the new flu(流感).　　

Take these everyday steps to protect your h____41____:　　

Cover your nose and mouth w____42____ a tissue(纸巾) when you cough　　

or sneeze.Throw the tissue in the litter bin after you use it.　　

Wash your h___43___ often with soap and water for 15 or 20 seconds, especially after you cough or sneeze.　　

Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.41.health   42. with 43. hands 44.sick 45. Stay 46. until 47. others 48. important 49. rest 50.useful　　

Try to avoid(避免) close contact with s___44___ people and don’t go to places like hospitals or clinics.　　

S____45___ home if you are not well for 7days after your symptoms(症状) begin. You can’t go to public places u___46___ you have been symptom-free for at least 24 hours. This is to keep from passing the germs to o____47__  and spreading the virus further.　　

 Other i___48___ actions that you can take are:　　

Follow public health advice, avoiding crowds and other social disancing measures.　　

Get prepared if you fall ill and need to have a r___49___ for a week or so; related items, like medicines and tissues, could be very u___50___ and help avoid the need to make trips out in public. 　　

　 　

完型填空答题技巧　　

完形填空以考查关键实词为主，虚词一般也只有连词和介词，这些被删去的部分与句中其它部分、邻近句子以至整个文段在语义、逻辑和句法等方面均有联系。　　

学生在答题时，应通读全文，熟悉问题和主题，抓住全文大意，然后根据上下文进行推测、判断和排除，选出答案，最后复读全文，验证答案。　　

4．阅读理解　　

  ［试题特点］　　

故事性文章占多数，兼有应用文、说明文和议论文。所选文章有较强的时代气息和生活气息，与学生关心的话题息息相关。同时兼顾了许多西方国家的风土文化和生活习俗。　　

近几年的中考试题比较注重考查学生从图表等视觉材料中获取信息的能力，一些实用性的语言素材如新闻报道、广告、说明书等视觉材料中获取信息的能力。　　

阅读理解（40分）　　

阅读理解—答题技巧　　

主要考查文章主旨、事实细节、猜测词义、根据上下文推断作者意图、态度等的题目、进行合理的逻辑推理（如数量推测、时间推测、故事结局推测、人际关系推测等）。　　

答题时，学生需快速浏览全文，理解文章主旨，了解文章体裁；然后细读文后要求，了解试题的内容和题型，并根据题干和文中信息作出相应的推测，做出答案。做后再带着问题复读原文，找出可以支持答案的相应句子或段落，验证答案。　　

任务阅读----答题技巧　　

注意：在回答问题时，一定要按照问题的句型结构和时态来进行回答，要把答与问衔接上。回答问题时主语应该用代词来代替。　　

对于一般疑问句的回答用Yes或No既可以。　　

对于特殊疑问句的回答可以完整回答,也可以简略回答。 　　

任务阅读----答题技巧　　

Passage 5 　　

For many years scientists have said that the earth is getting warmer. Now they have found something new –hot cities! In the southern US, they have found that cities become very hot in summer. For example, the city of Atlanta in Georgia has rooftop temperatures of up to 　50C　 while it is 　27C　 in the streets! At night, the outside of buildings stay so hot that the heat of the city causes storms over the city. 　　

  China also has the same kind of problems. Every year more farming land is used for factories or offices. More housing is  needed, too. As people become richer, they buy more cars. New roads are needed and new car parks are built in the city centers. This all makers the Cities hotter.　　

 It isn’t easy to change the situation. City planners say that we should plants more trees in the middle of cities. Every new street should have more trees in our parks and squares. Every roof in a hot and sunny country should have solar roof panels. The electricity 　　

From these can be used to run the air conditioners in the building. 　　

   People continues to cut down forests around the cities. This  makes the problem worse. Cities are growing faster and faster. By the year 2025, four fifths of the population will be living in cities. If we go on like this, there will not be enough farmland to feed  everyone in the world.　　

任务阅读---根据短文内容回答问题　　

86.What  have scientists found ?　　

87. Why do the cities become hotter and hotter?　　

88.What will probably happen in the future according to the fourth paragraph? 　　

89. What does “ this”  refer to  in the fourth paragraph? 　　

90.What is the best title of the passage ?　　

 Passage 6　　

The world has a big headache and it’s caused by money. It began in America last year and it has spread across the world, sped up by the Internet. What is it? It is Foam Economy(泡沫经济).　　

    In just a few short months, billions and billions of dollars have disappeared. They just became nothing. How can this be? Well, to understand that, you have to understand the idea of “value”. The “value”of something is what someone is willing to pay for it. That’s easy when it comes to buying a bottle of green tea. You wouldn’t pay more than a few yuan. But what about something like a house?　　

   In America, house are expensive. People have to get loans(贷款) in order to buy them. To get a loan you have to have a good job so the lender knows you’re going to pay the money back.　　

　 　

But America started making it easier for people to get loans. That meant more people could buy house. The demand(需求) for houses increased their “value” so their prices went up and people had to get bigger loans to buy them. Of course, many of these people couldn’t afford to pay back the bigger loans. So the banks couldn’t get their money back, the prices of houses went down and all that “value” disappeared.　　

根据短文内容，完成下列句子。（所填内容可能是单词或是短语）　　

 86. In this passage the big headache   of the world refers  to    __________.　　

 87. The Foam Economy spread across the whole world with the help        of _______.　　

 88. Since houses are very expensive in America, people usually buy them by __________ from         the banks.　　

 89. The prices of the house went up when the demand for houses _________.　　

 90. The “ value”disappeared when these people couldn’t _______ the bigger loans.　　

 　　

86.Foam Economy 87. the Internet 88. getting loans/ borrowing money 89. increased 90.( afford to ) pay back / afford 　　

书面表达　　

  [试题特点]　　

书面表达题能充分体现学生综合语言运用能力水平的高低。此题不但考查学生语言运用能力和技巧，如：书写技能、用词技能、应用语言规则技能，还考查学生语篇层次上时态选择、整合、连接等技能。　　

书面表达种类　　

根据所给图片、图表、表格等作文；　　

根据所给英语或汉语提示作文；　　

短文续写；　　

各类应用文（书信、电子邮件、明信片、通知、失物招领、日记、便条、海报、过程说明等）。　　

书面表达要求：　　

考查学生在完成写作任务时是否做到以下几点：　　

    a. 根据提示要求，运用所学语言知识完成短文；　　

    b. 短文有层次、有条理，意思表达清楚；　　

    c. 准确地运用语法和词汇；　　

    d. 合理使用关联词，使全文内容连贯。　　

书面表达—答题技巧　　

首先要认真审题，确定是否需要标题，确定写作体裁、所需时态和写作格式，然后找准内容要点、重点词语句式，力求表达完整，不漏要点。　　

其次要选择适当的连接词来表达文中的并列、转折、选择、条件、因果等关系，并且注意句子结构的多样性，避免重复和单调。　　

最后把成稿抄到卷面上之前，一定要查漏补缺，关注标点、大小写及单词拼写等问题。