高考书面表达解析及写作技巧 2011届高三英语复习学案

十二、表示解释的过渡词
that is (to say), in other words, or, namely
十三、表示转换话题的过渡词
by the way, I’m afraid, in my opinion, to tell you the truth, to be honest
十四、表示总结的过渡词
in a/one word, generally speaking, in short=in brief=in a few words, in conclusion, on the whole, as has been mentioned/stated, It is quite clear that--, There is no doubt that--, It is well known that--, as we all know=as is known to us all, as/so far as I
know, to sum up= to summarize= in summary
十五、表示选择或者排除的过渡词
either…or…, or, without, except=but, instead of
十六、表示转折的过渡词
but, however, still, and yet    

附录 2                          英语中五种简单句型解析
英语基本句型有5种，即（1）主语+ 连系动词+ 表语  （2）主语+ 谓语（+状语） （3）主语+ 谓语+ 宾语  （4） 主语+ 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语  （5） 主语+ 谓语 + 宾语+ 宾语补足语     从5种句型来看，一个句子的核心部分是动词。也就是说我们写出来的任何句子总少不了动词。 还有，句子的主语一般是名词，代词，---ing 形式， 不定式， 主语从句或者the + 形容词等等。请看下列句子的主语：
China is a great country.
Swimming is her favorite sport.
To finish that task calls for great skills and patience.
What he said at the meeting surprised us all.
The poor are looked down on by the rich.
句型一：主语+ 连系动词 + 表语
常见的连系动词有：be, look, seem appear, become, turn, get, feel, sound, smell, taste, grow, go (bad/wrong/mad/hungry/), come(true/loose), fall (asleep/ill), stay, remain, keep, stand, lie,etc.表语可以是名词，形容词，介词短语，不定式，-ing 形式，-ed分词，副词等等。
句型二： 主语 + 谓语（+ 状语）
此句型的谓语由不及物动词或者相当于不及物动词的短语来充当。状语可以由副词，形容词，名词，介词短语，不定式，--ing形式或者with的复合结构等来充当。
句型三： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
此句型的谓语由及物动词或者相当于及物动词的短语来充当。宾语可以由名词,代词,不定式,--ing形式, 或者从句来充当.
句型四： 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
间接宾语和直接宾语一起称为双宾语。能够带双宾语的动词有如下一些：give, show, send, bring, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, pay, allow, wish, teach, promise, award, owe, refuse, make, buy, do, fetch, get, paint, spare, cook, sing, etc.     
句型五： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
宾语补足语由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语， --ing形式，--ed分词，不定式等充当。
附录 3                 写作常见经典句型（供参考）
1 It was + 时间段+before/ It was not long before/ It will (not) be + 时间段+before
2 It is(has been) + 时间段+since+ 过去时
3 be about to do…when
4 ……while……(表示对比) 
5 Not until… 的倒装句型/ It was not until…that…(强调句型)
6 as…as(not as/so …as)/ more than/ more and more…/the more…the more
7 It +be+ 过去分词/形容词/名词+to do/that-从句
8 It +不及物动词（seem/appear/happen）+that-从句
9 It takes sb. some time to do sth.
10 There be 句型， 其中be 可以换成stand/live/lie/come…
 There is no need to do/There is no point in doing/There is no difficulty in doing/There is no doubt that
11状语从句句型， 比如if/unless/although/though/as long as/no matter +wh- /whether…or…/even if/ in case/so that/ in order that/ so…that/such…that…
12 祈使句（表条件）+and(then)+句子（表肯定结果）
   祈使句（表条件）+or/or else/otherwise+句子（表否定结果）
13 so as to do/in order to do
14 too…to do/enough to do/only to do
15 think/find/feel/consider/make +it +宾语补足语（形容词或者名词）+to do
16 with+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词/介词短语/to do/doing/-ed）
17 几种重要倒装句型，比如no sooner… than/ hardly…when/only+状语+…/not only…but also/neither(nor)…/so…
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