涉及连词but的五类考点

一、直接考查连词but在语境中的用法

即要求考生根据试题的语境（看其是否有转折意味）来确定连词but的正确使用。这类考题通常会将连词but与连词and, so, or等结合起来考查。同学们做题时要注意比较，尤其要注意比较各个连词填入句子后，比较句意的逻辑性和通畅性。如：

1. You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ______ you won’t pass the course. (北京卷)

A. and                        B. so                        C. but                        D. or

【解析】D。or的意思是“否则”“要不然”，只有此词填入空格，句意最通顺。

2. They wanted to charge $5, 000 for the car, ______ we managed to bring the price down. (全国卷)

A. but                        B. so                        C. when                    D. since

【解析】A。前后两分句之间是转折关系，故用but。

3. —Somebody wants you on the telephone.

—______ no one knows I’m here. (北京卷)

A. For                         B. And                    C. But                       D. So

【解析】C。“有人打电话来找我”与“没有人知道我在这里”是转折关系，故填but。

 

二、利用but的转折语境考查其他知识点

即根据题干中连词but的转折性语境来确定相关知识点的选择。此时尤其要注意前后相关信息的对比、对照或互为相反义。如：

1. He has made a lot of films, but ______ good ones. (北京卷)

A. any                        B. some                   C. few                      D. many

【解析】C。由于句中用了转折连词but，所以要填few与前面的many相对比。

2. It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so ______. (湖南卷)

A. far                        B. well                     C. little                        D. badly

【解析】D。句中的badly不是表示“糟糕地”，而是表示“很”“非常”，这样用的badly主要与表示“想要”或“需要”的词语或短语（如want, need, be in need of等）连用。如：Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我们学校急需英语教师。/ He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想买辆新车。

3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ______ have driven her there. (陕西卷)

A. could                     B. must                     C. might                      D. should

【解析】D。比较：“could+have+过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来应该”“本来能够”；“must+have+过去分词”的意思是“一定已经”；“might+have+过去分词”的意思是“本来可以”“本来可能”；“should+have+过去分词”的意思是“本来应该”。根据句意，显然只有D最佳。

 

三、考查but的相关结构或句式

如考查not…but…, not only…but (also)…等句式的搭配和运用。如：

1. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ______ their education that causes misunderstanding. (全国卷)

A. like                         B. as                         C. or                         D. but

【解析】D。题目考查not…but…的用法，其意为“不是……而是……”。全句意为：两代人之间引起的误解往往不是他们的(不同)年龄，而是他们所受的(不同)教育。

2. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, ______ the way they actually are. (湖南卷)

A. as                         B. or                        C. but                        D. and

【解析】C。此题也是考查not…but…结构。全句意为：现实不是你想象出来的事物的状态，也不是事物表象给人的感觉，而是其本来的样子。

四、考查连词but与定语从句的相互干扰

大家知道，在含有定语从句的复合句中，我们是不能在主句与从句之间使用并列连词的。但是，命题者有时却会利用连词but与定语从句的相互干扰性来考查考生的辨别能力。如：

1. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but ______ is how she does it that I object to. (江西卷)

A. it                        B. that                        C. this                        D. which

【解析】A。此题考查it is...that…这一强调句句型。句意为：我不介意她批评我，我反对的是她批评我的方式。由于句中使用了并列连词but，所以绝对不能选D。

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _____ didn’t help. (全国卷)

A. it                        B. she                        C. which                      D. he

【解析】A。用it代替前面整句话的内容。但若去掉but，则选which。(from www.nmet168.com)

 

【模拟训练】

1. We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn’t quite ______.

A. find out                 B. give out                  C. hand out                 D. work out

2. She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to ______.

A. turn to                  B. look for                   C. deal with                D. talk about

3. —How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

—It ______ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will                       B. would                     C. should                    D. must

4. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ______ they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest.

A. why                      B. how                       C. unless                     D. where

5. —Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?

—I ______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.

A. had to                    B. didn’t                     C. was going to           D. wouldn’t

6. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have ______ heard of her.

A. even                      B. ever                        C. just                        D. never

7. I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

A. in other words        B. on the other hand     C. for one thing           D. as a matter of fact

8. Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents did not ______ her to do so.

A. forbid                     B. allow                     C. follow                     D. ask

9. After he retired from office, Rogers ______ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

A. took up                   B. saved up                C. kept up                   D. drew up

10. We’re trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we ______ your number incorrectly.

A. looked up               B. took down             C. worked out               D. brought about

11. We ______ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.

A. needn’t                      B. may not              C. shouldn’t                 D. mustn’t

12. The classroom is big enough _____, but we’ll have to move if we have more students.

A. for the moment           B. on the moment    C. in a moment             D. for a moment

13. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science ______ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.

A. showed                     B. has shown           C. will show                 D. is showing

14. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.

A. shall                          B. must                    C. may                        D. can

15. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ______ of them came.

A. neither                       B. either                   C. none                       D. both

16. Stand over there _____ you’ll be able to see it better.

A. or                             B. while                    C. but                         D. and

17. There are many kinds of sports, _____ my favorite is swimming.

A. as                             B. then                      C. so                          D. but

18. —I  think George doesn’t really care for TV plays.

—Right, _____ he still watches the program. (from www.nmet168.com)

A. and                           B. but                        C. or                          D. so

19. I hope you don’t mind me asking, _____ where did you buy those shoes?

A. so                             B. and                       C. yet                         D. but

20. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

—I’d like to, _____ I’m too busy.

A. and                           B. to                          C. as                         D. but

21. —Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?

—Thank you. I’d love to, ______ I’ll be out of town at the weekend.

A. because                     B. and                        C. so                        D. but

22. My name is Robert, ______ most of my friends call me Bob for short.

A. then                          B. instead                   C. however                D. but

23. They were all tired, but _______ of them would stop to take a rest.

A. any                           B. some                     C. none                      D. neither

24. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with _______.

A. everything                 B. anything                  C. something             D. nothing

25. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he _______ passed the last exam.

A. easily                        B. hardly                     C. actually                 D. successfully

【参考答案】

01—05 DACCC  06—10 BBBAB  11—15 BABCA

16—20 DDBDD  21—25 DDCAB