主语和谓语动词考点剖析 高考英语

主语是一句话的中心，相当于句子的主题。主语通常是由一个名词作用的成分担任的。起名词作用的成分可以是：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词性从句等。如：

Fresh air and exercise are good for your health.

Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.

To teach the three children is my job this afternoon.

What he said at the meeting is necessary for us.

在某些情况下，可以由it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句移到句子后面。如：

It’s no use arguing with them.

It is good to help others.

It is certain that she will pass the exam.

当我们用there引起一个句子时，主语通常应放在谓语后面。这种结构主要用在以动词

be为谓语动词的句子中。如：

There is no denying that she is very efficient.

My new computer doesn’t work. There must be something wrong with it.

考点一：正确选择主语

1. _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (2008福建)

A. It            B. What                 C. As                   D. Which

答案与解析：B。根据句子分析，第二个is前面的 _____ is known to us all为主语从句，句中缺少主语；根据句意分析，应该选择能充当成分的What。

2. — How do you find your new classmates?

— Most of them are kind, but ____ is so good to me as Bruce. (2008福建)

A. none           B. no one           C. every one           D. some one

答案与解析：A。根据but一词确定应该从A、B中挑选。有一定范围的用none，相当于none of my new classmates。no one不必有这种范围。

3. The book is of great value.______ can be enjoyed unless you digest it. (2007福建)

A. Nothing      B. Something         C. Everything        D. Anything

答案与解析：A。复合不定代词someone / somebody, anyone / anybody, everyone / everybody, nobody. something, anything, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据句意“如果你不消化它，就什么东西也欣赏不了”可知应选nothing。

4. — Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?

— Victoria Street? ______ is where the Grand Theatre is. (2008辽宁)

A. Such         B. There            C. That           D. This

答案与解析：C。此题考查名词性从句的用法和代词的用法。where the Grand Theatre is 是一个表语从句。此空缺少主语，固用that来代替前文的 Victoria Street.

考点二：谓语动词与主语的一致性

1. Progress  _     so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time. (2009全国II)

A. was      B. had been    C. has been    D. will be

答案与解析：C。可数名词单数和不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

2. — Did you go to the show last night?

— Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _________ invited.  (2009陕西)

A. were   B. have been     C. has been      D. was

答案与解析：D。当and连接each, every, no, many a +主语中心词时，由于强调个体行为，因此谓语动词用单数。

3. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1990. (2009山东)

A. is         B. are         C. has been         D. have been

答案与解析：C。the number of / the variety of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，a number of / a variety of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。本题主语是the number故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是since1997所以用完成时态。

4. The teacher together with the students ________ discussing Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America. (2009四川)

A. are; were      B. is; were    C. are; was        D. is; was

答案与解析：D。主语中心词 + with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than +名词时，谓语动词一般仍和主语中心词在单复数上保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Reading Skills，由于Reading Skills是书名所以谓语动词用单数。

5. Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. (2009湖南)

A. are             B. is              C. have              D. be

答案与解析：B。由either … or…, neither … nor…, not … only …but also …, not … but …, There be … and …等连接并列主语时，谓语通常遵循“就近一致”原则，即与它邻近的主语中心词的数保持一致。one of your students 谓语应用单数形式。

考点二：正确选择动词的时态和语态

现在的高考题中，很少有单纯考时态和语态的题，还可能同时涉及到主谓一致等其它语法内容。

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