新目标九年级 Unit 3 教学要点及练习

注意主语的人称及数的变化对be动词带来的影响。
注意be动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态的动词时态形式。

5. 被动语态的几种类型
（1）有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直接宾语，间接宾语）
常见的接双宾语的动词有
通常这种句子可以改为以“人”当主语；和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。
如：He gave me a book.
－I was given a book by him. （以I做主语）
－A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主语）
He teaches us English.
－We are taught English by him. （以人当主语）
－English is taught us by him. （以物作主语）
（2）含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态
keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。
We keep food fresh in the fridge.
主 谓 宾 宾补
－Food is kept fresh in the fridge.
I saw him go into the office building.
－He was seen to go into the office building.
英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch ,
see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.
（3）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动
词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构
成短语动词的介词或副词
They take good care of my child.
－My child is taken good care of
他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。
I turned off the radio.
－The radio was turned off （by me）
附：动词短语的被动语态
take care of －be taken care of
cut down －be cut down
laugh at －be laughed at
look after－be looked after
下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加－by
be covered with …用…覆盖着
be interested in …对…感兴趣
be surprised at …对…感到惊奇
be made of （from）用…制造的
（4）由情态动词形成的被动语态
含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面加上be动词即可，其句型如下：
肯定句：主语＋情态动词（can , may , must）+be+ 过去分词…
否定句：主语＋情态动词＋not + be + 过去分词…
疑问句：情态动词（Can , May , Must ）＋主语＋be＋过去分词＋….
如：We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet .
－Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet.
Can you use it ? 你会使用它吗？
－Can it be used ?
6. 不能用于被动语态的几种情况
（1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。


他在镜中看见了自己的模样。
We often help each other.
我们常常互相帮助。
（2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have , like , take place , belong to …）
如：
I like these flowers. 我喜欢这些花。
I will have a meeting.
不说A meeting will be had. 应说A meeting will be held .

二. 重点、难点：
1. the other day
我们还可以说the other day , morning , week , month.
不久前的一天，一个上午、一个星期、一个月等
I saw him in London the other day.
我最近有一天在伦敦见过他。
2. get to 着手做某事
… and I got to talking about the rules …

He got to doing the homework after supper.
3. concentrate on sth . 专注于某事（做某件事而不做其他事）
He decided to concentrate on English because he just failed the exam.
他决心专攻英语因为他刚刚考试不及格。
This company concentrate on the Chinese market.
这家公司把重点集中在中国市场。
4. be good for 对…有好处 有益于（…that is good for studying …）
This kind of food is good for me.
这种食物对我身体有益
Sunshine is good for plants.
阳光对植物有益。
5. It’s a good idea for sb to do sth. 做…对…来说是个好主意（It’s also probably a good
idea for parents to allow …）
It’s a good idea for us to travel to the south.
6. get noisy 变得嘈杂（I know we got noisy sometimes , …）
noise －noisy

7. learn from 向…学习，从…中学习
… but we learn a lot from each other.
We should learn from our mistakes.
我们应从错误中学习。
8. at present . （At present they’re too short. ）
at present 此刻、现在＝at this time , now
I can’t help you at present －－I’m too busy
我现在帮不了你－－实在太忙了。
9. … have an opportunity to do sth
有做…的机会
have no opportunity to do 没机会做…
I hope to …… have an opportunity to go to the States.
I have no opportunity to have a talk with her
I
注意：文中在谈论将来时，用了一些动词过去式和would + 动原的形式
这是虚拟语气。表示对将来的一种假设。

本单元其他句型结构：
1. sixteen-year-olds十六岁的青少年
它相当于一个名词 相当于sixteen -year- old kids.
“一个16岁青少年的表达方式”
a kid sixteen years old
a kid of sixteen
a kid of sixteen years old.
a sixteen-year-old kid

2. stop doing
He should stop wearing that silly earrings.
（Section A 2a）
停止做某事
We two stopped talking.
我们俩个停止了谈话。
3. 主＋seem to do sth . 好像
His temperature seems to be all right.
他的体温好像完全正常。
seem其他用法
（1）seem+形容词
The question seems quite easy.
那个问题好像很容易。
（2）seem+名词
That seems a good idea.
那好像是个好主意。
（3）It seems + that 从句

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