Unit4 名师点津（新人教版必修一） 2011届高考英语总复习名师全程导学案
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增大字体The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic(外交) service. “But I must know ！” he urged his father. “Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him. ”
“I do not believe you could，” said the father，“but the agreement was that you are not to know. . . ，not yet. ” The years kept the secret，but the day did come. . . one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother’s casket(棺材). Slowly and tenderly，the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick，reddishbrown hair to let out the secret.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位母亲对儿子无私、感人的爱。
1. The story is mainly about ________.
A. how a boy had new ears through an operation
B. what a devoted parent privately did for the child
C. how a disabled boy turned into a useful person
D. why a donator made a sacrifice to a bright boy
解析：选B。主旨大意题。从文中最后一段出人意料的结局可知，故事主要讲一位母亲如何为了孩子而默默奉献了自己。
2. From the first paragraph we know that the mother ________.
A. was determined to donate her ears to perfect her son
B. kept her husband unknown about the baby’s situation
C. felt shocked and disappointed to see her new baby
D. complained of her bad luck to have a disabled child
解析：选C。推理判断题。句意：当婴儿包放到她臂弯里，她掀开裹着婴儿的布看到他的小脸时，不禁倒吸了一口气。由此可知，母亲看到孩子的样子很震惊很失望(因为孩子生下来就没有耳朵)。
3. The underlined word “freak” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to“ ________”.
A. slowacting person
B. uglylooking child
C. badlybehaved student
D. strangelyshaped creature
解析：选D。词义猜测题。由第一段孩子生下来就没有耳朵，到后面他放学回家扑在母亲怀里哭诉，可以推出有人骂他是怪胎(畸形人)。
4. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The agreement was between the donator and the family.
B. The boy was so popular that he was made class president.
C. Finally the boy came to know who the donator was.
D. The mother donated her ears to her son after she died.
解析：选C。推理判断题。由最后一段母亲去世了，父亲和儿子站在母亲的棺材前，父亲掀开母亲浓密的、红褐色的头发，告诉了儿子事实的真相——母亲把自己的耳朵捐了出来。
5. What moral lesson can we draw from this reading?
A. Real love lies in what is done unknown rather than what is done known.
B. It is up to parents to help their children heart and soul.
C. True beauty lies only in the heart not in appearance.
D. It is a virtue for young generations to learn to be grateful.
解析：选A。理解判断题。通过母亲为儿子捐献耳朵，我们可从中感觉到母爱的伟大，有时真爱隐藏在深处而不是炫耀于外表。
B
(2010年广东华南师大附中综合测试)Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病)of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to，”says Dr David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleepdeficit crisis can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us，when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark. ”By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7. 5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “ People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it，”says Dr David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6. 5 hours, when they really need 7. 5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5. 5 hours’sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. ”
To determine the consequences of sleepdeficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleepdeficit, performance suffers，”says Dr David. “Shortterm memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate. ”
【解题导语】 本文围绕睡眠不足的原因及后果展开讨论。
6. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Research on the causes and consequences of sleepdeficit.
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times.
C. The history of people’s sleeping patterns.
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours.
“I do not believe you could，” said the father，“but the agreement was that you are not to know. . . ，not yet. ” The years kept the secret，but the day did come. . . one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother’s casket(棺材). Slowly and tenderly，the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick，reddishbrown hair to let out the secret.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位母亲对儿子无私、感人的爱。
1. The story is mainly about ________.
A. how a boy had new ears through an operation
B. what a devoted parent privately did for the child
C. how a disabled boy turned into a useful person
D. why a donator made a sacrifice to a bright boy
解析：选B。主旨大意题。从文中最后一段出人意料的结局可知，故事主要讲一位母亲如何为了孩子而默默奉献了自己。
2. From the first paragraph we know that the mother ________.
A. was determined to donate her ears to perfect her son
B. kept her husband unknown about the baby’s situation
C. felt shocked and disappointed to see her new baby
D. complained of her bad luck to have a disabled child
解析：选C。推理判断题。句意：当婴儿包放到她臂弯里，她掀开裹着婴儿的布看到他的小脸时，不禁倒吸了一口气。由此可知，母亲看到孩子的样子很震惊很失望(因为孩子生下来就没有耳朵)。
3. The underlined word “freak” in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to“ ________”.
A. slowacting person
B. uglylooking child
C. badlybehaved student
D. strangelyshaped creature
解析：选D。词义猜测题。由第一段孩子生下来就没有耳朵，到后面他放学回家扑在母亲怀里哭诉，可以推出有人骂他是怪胎(畸形人)。
4. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The agreement was between the donator and the family.
B. The boy was so popular that he was made class president.
C. Finally the boy came to know who the donator was.
D. The mother donated her ears to her son after she died.
解析：选C。推理判断题。由最后一段母亲去世了，父亲和儿子站在母亲的棺材前，父亲掀开母亲浓密的、红褐色的头发，告诉了儿子事实的真相——母亲把自己的耳朵捐了出来。
5. What moral lesson can we draw from this reading?
A. Real love lies in what is done unknown rather than what is done known.
B. It is up to parents to help their children heart and soul.
C. True beauty lies only in the heart not in appearance.
D. It is a virtue for young generations to learn to be grateful.
解析：选A。理解判断题。通过母亲为儿子捐献耳朵，我们可从中感觉到母爱的伟大，有时真爱隐藏在深处而不是炫耀于外表。
B
(2010年广东华南师大附中综合测试)Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病)of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to，”says Dr David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleepdeficit crisis can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us，when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark. ”By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7. 5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “ People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it，”says Dr David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6. 5 hours, when they really need 7. 5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5. 5 hours’sleep. If you’ve got to get 8. 5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. ”
To determine the consequences of sleepdeficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleepdeficit, performance suffers，”says Dr David. “Shortterm memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate. ”
【解题导语】 本文围绕睡眠不足的原因及后果展开讨论。
6. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Research on the causes and consequences of sleepdeficit.
B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times.
C. The history of people’s sleeping patterns.
D. The minimum of our sleeping hours.
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