牛津初中英语诗歌教学初探

2．品味意境美 诗歌不同于其它文学体裁，它讲究的是一种意境。诗歌学习时，应当让学生找出诗中的景物描写，想象诗中的景象，并用连贯的语言表述出来，让他们感受诗歌的意境美。如诗歌The four seasons  The sun starts shining. Plants start growing. Flowers start opening. Birds start singing And making their nests. Spring is here.---. The snow starts falling. Animals start sleeping. Dark days are coming. The temperature’s dropping. We start shivering. Winter is here.学生学完诗歌后，是如此勾勒四季画卷的。Spring is coming. The weather is getting warmer. The plants start growing. The birds are sing and making their nests. Summer is coming. The hot sun’s shining. The children start having fun. They are swimming or eating ice cream. Autumn is coming. The wind is blowing harder. The leaves start falling. We are flying kites and having barbecues. Winter is coming. The temperature is dropping. The animals start sleeping. People are wearing their thick clothes. 通过这番描述，使人不禁想起“阳春、盛夏、深秋、严冬的四季美景以及世间万物”的美妙意境，学生们从中也得到美的享受。

3．品味情感美 抒情性是诗歌最根本、最重要的审美特征。教学诗歌时，教师应当要求学生从意象出发，揣摩诗歌的思想，品味诗中作者的情感。这样可以很好地引领学生去思考、去体会，从而深刻理解诗歌的内涵及作者所要表达的思想感情。如诗歌Electricity around us  On a dark night, when lightning flashes. On a dark night, when thunder crashes. What can you see? Electricity. ---. Then it comes into our homes, To plugs and lights in every room. What can you see? Electricity. 学完后要求学生立即思考如下两个问题：What is the poem about? What do you think the poet wants to tell us? 来及时引导学生产生如下感悟：The poem is about electricity. The poet wants to tell us the importance of electricity. Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of energy.  Benjamin Franklin's experiment with a kite one stormy night made us know more about electricity. Some scientists' inventions used electricity to bring indoor lighting to our homes and to power industrial machines. The poet also tells us that electricity is very important in our daily lives. Every day, we use electricity to do many jobs for us -- from lighting and heating/cooling our homes, to powering our televisions and computers. Electricity is a controllable and convenient form of energy used in the applications of heat, light and power. We should be care of electricity. And what would life be like without electricity. We should save electricity. 通过对诗人感情的品味，学生体味到诗人对现实的独特反映，感悟到诗人心灵迸发的火花。

学习欣赏一首好的英语诗歌，是一个由感受、感悟到感动的过程。经过对诗歌的品味鉴赏，学生由初步感知诗歌进入了逐步感悟诗歌的阶段，为进一步学习诗歌奠定了情感基础。

三、研练：研中拓展，练中创新

“研练”是指对英语诗歌所蕴含的文学知识及语言风格的分析和研究，同时仿写、创作英语诗歌，来拓展诗歌学习。英语诗歌有其深厚的文化内涵，深刻体现了英语国家人们的情感以及他们对人生、自然和社会的思考。通过对诗歌的研究学习，使学生了解更多关于诗歌的语言风格，加深学生的文化底蕴，为以后的英语诗歌学习和创作积累更丰富的语言知识。如教学OxJ7BU9诗歌 When the wind blows 时，我们是这样引导学生去进行研究和拓展学习。

1．研究诗风  英语诗歌有其深厚的文化内涵，组织开展诗歌研究性学习，有利于学生更好地体味诗人的语言风格。如诗歌 When the wind blows When the wind blows，(换行)Leaves fly(换行) From the trees (换行)Across the sky. ---. When the wind blows, (换行)Sailing boats lean(换行) And speed(换行) Over the sea. 在这首诗里，诗人运用传统的抑扬格韵律结合日常生活话语的自然韵律感，创造了一种具有戏剧张力，宛若口语，却深具哲理节奏的诗的语言。让我们体会到诗人既尊传统诗体为诗的精髓，又保留自由诗体的自由与自然的语言风格。也使学生对诗歌语言在句法上可以通常把一个完整句子断成几段的做法有所体会，同时也领悟到英语诗歌中常用的象征修辞手法。这首诗简单自然，富有哲理，深入浅出，耐人寻味。

2. 赏析仿写  初中阶段的英语诗歌学习只是初级阶段，学生仿写诗歌时需要具体的、直观的、形象的感性经验的支持。通过对上述诗歌When the wind blows的认真研习后，学生不仅学会了对英语诗歌韵律特点的归纳，还学会了有关英语诗歌语言风格的赏析，这为他们开展英语诗歌的拓展学习奠定了良好的基础。接着，笔者认真抓好学生诗歌仿写的教学辅导, 积极开展诗歌拓展学习，以进一步提高同学们的诗歌赏析水平和仿写能力。同学们充分利用学到的诗歌写作技巧、语言风格，积极开展诗歌仿写训练。有学生这样写道When the sun shines  When the sun shines，(换行)People sweat(换行) And go swimming(换行) In the sea. When the sun shines, (换行)Clouds take a rest(换行) Hide and play(换行) High in the sky. When the sun shines, (换行)Bees and butterflies (换行)Dance happily(换行) Among the flowers. ---.

3．实践创作  通过一系列英语诗歌理论知识学习以及一段时间的诗歌仿写训练辅导，教师应当善于挖掘学生思想深处的感动，鼓励学生独立进行诗歌创作实践活动。笔者经常鼓励同学们结合自己熟悉的校园、家庭、自然、自我等话题，用一些简单的动词或形容词描述想讲的人或事，使学生的英语诗歌真正地融入他们的生活。以下是两首学生自创的英语小诗：1、What would you like to be?  What would you like to be?  What would you like to be? L would like to be a pilot. That’s what I would like to be. What will you do? What will you do? I’ll fly a spacecraft. That’s what I’ll do.  2、My Lovely toy bear My lovely bear, you’re not only a toy. My lovely bear, when I feel sad, you look unhappy, too. My lovely bear, when I am singing, you seem to be listening, too. My lovely bear, I think you are my best friend. 这些诗作不仅显示了同学们巨大的诗歌创作潜能，也说明了多彩的学生生活和真实的内心感受是他们诗歌创作的源泉。

的确，英语诗歌教学对学生情感态度和文化意识的培养有着极为重要的意义，是英语教学的必要组成部分。虽然诗歌教学不是中学英语教学的重点，但却是教学的难点。因此，我们教师还需在诗歌教学中逐步探索，积累经验，使学生的英语诗歌学习能力将有更大的提高，为促进学生的英语学习发挥积极作用。

上一页  [1] [2]