新课标必修2教案Unit1 Cultural relics[综合]
减小字体
增大字体Adjective
the red coat
Adjective clause
the coat which I bought yesterday
Like the word “red” in the first example, the dependent clause “which I bought yesterday” in the second example modifies the noun “coat.” Note that an adjective clause usually comes after what it modifies, while an adjective usually comes before.
In formal writing, an adjective clause begins with the relative pronouns “who(m),” “that,” or “which.” In informal writing or speech, you may leave out the relative pronoun when it is not the subject of the adjective clause, but you should usually include the relative pronoun in formal, academic writing:
informal
The books people read were mainly religious.
formal
The books that people read were mainly religious.
informal
Some firefighters never meet the people they save.
formal
Some firefighters never meet the people whom they save.
Here are some more examples of adjective clauses:
the meat which they ate was tainted
This clause modifies the noun “meat” and answers the question “which meat?”.
They’re talking about the movie which made him cry
This clause modifies the noun “movie” and answers the question “which movie?”.
They are searching for the student who borrowed the book
The clause modifies the pronoun “student” and answers the question “which student?”.
Did I tell you about the author whom I met?
The clause modifies the noun “author” and answers the question “which author?”.
2. Restrictive & non restrictive clauses
Do the following pairs of sentences mean the same thing?
1a My uncle, who lives in London, is very rich.
2b My uncle who lives in London is very rich.
2a The policies, which were unpopular, were rejected by the voters.
2b The policies which were unpopular were rejected by the voters.
3a My niece, whose husband is out of work, will inherit the house, which I have always treasured.
3b My niece whose husband is out of work will inherit the house which I have always treasured.
The first sentence in each pair has a non-restrictive clause within two commas, and the second has a restrictive clause. A non-restrictive clause simply adds more information into the sentence and does not affect the meaning of the main clause: it is therefore bracketed off with commas (1a = an uncle who happens to live in London). Conversely, a restrictive clause defines its referent in the main clause more specifically and contributes significantly to the meaning of the sentence. Thus it is that particular uncle who lives in London who is referred to (1b). In 2a, all policies were unpopular and all were rejected, whereas in 2b only the policies that were unpopular were rejected. Note that in restrictive clauses the non-human relative pronoun is either ‘that’ or ‘which’, whereas for human referents the relative pronoun can be either ‘who/m’ or ‘that’ (the man that/whom I will marry ....).
3. A test on FORMAL ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
Directions: Combine the sentences. Use formal written English.
Use (b) as an adjective clause. Punctuate carefully.
1) (a) An antecedent is a word. (b) A pronoun refers to this word.
An antecedent ____
2) (a) The blue whale is considered the largest animal that has ever lived.(b) It can grow to 100 feet and 150 tons.
The blue whale ____
3) (a) The plane was met by a crowd of 300. (b) Some of them had been waiting for more than 4 hours.
The plane ____
4) (a) In this paper, I will describe the basic process.(b) Raw cotton becomes cotton thread by this process.
In this paper, I will describe ____
5) (a) The researchers are doing case studies of people to determine the importance of heredity in health and longevity.(b) These people’s families have a history of high blood pressure and heart disease.
The researchers are doing case studies ____
6) (a) At the end of this month, scientists at the institute will conduct their AIDS research. (b) The results of this research will be published within 6 months.
At the end of this month, scientists ____
7) (a) According to many education officials, ‘math phobia’(that is, a fear of mathematics) is a widespread problem. (b) A solution to this problem must and can be found.
According to many education officials, ‘math phobia’ ____
8) (a) The art museum hopes to hire a new administrator.
(b) Under this person’s direction it will be able to purchase significant pieces of art.
The art museum ____
9) (a) The giant anteater licks up ants for its dinner.
(b) Its tongue is longer than 30 centimeters (12 inches).
The giant anteater ____
10) (a) The anteater’s tongue is sticky.
(b) It can go in and out of its mouth 160 times a minute.
The anteater’s tongue ____
the red coat
Adjective clause
the coat which I bought yesterday
Like the word “red” in the first example, the dependent clause “which I bought yesterday” in the second example modifies the noun “coat.” Note that an adjective clause usually comes after what it modifies, while an adjective usually comes before.
In formal writing, an adjective clause begins with the relative pronouns “who(m),” “that,” or “which.” In informal writing or speech, you may leave out the relative pronoun when it is not the subject of the adjective clause, but you should usually include the relative pronoun in formal, academic writing:
informal
The books people read were mainly religious.
formal
The books that people read were mainly religious.
informal
Some firefighters never meet the people they save.
formal
Some firefighters never meet the people whom they save.
Here are some more examples of adjective clauses:
the meat which they ate was tainted
This clause modifies the noun “meat” and answers the question “which meat?”.
They’re talking about the movie which made him cry
This clause modifies the noun “movie” and answers the question “which movie?”.
They are searching for the student who borrowed the book
The clause modifies the pronoun “student” and answers the question “which student?”.
Did I tell you about the author whom I met?
The clause modifies the noun “author” and answers the question “which author?”.
2. Restrictive & non restrictive clauses
Do the following pairs of sentences mean the same thing?
1a My uncle, who lives in London, is very rich.
2b My uncle who lives in London is very rich.
2a The policies, which were unpopular, were rejected by the voters.
2b The policies which were unpopular were rejected by the voters.
3a My niece, whose husband is out of work, will inherit the house, which I have always treasured.
3b My niece whose husband is out of work will inherit the house which I have always treasured.
The first sentence in each pair has a non-restrictive clause within two commas, and the second has a restrictive clause. A non-restrictive clause simply adds more information into the sentence and does not affect the meaning of the main clause: it is therefore bracketed off with commas (1a = an uncle who happens to live in London). Conversely, a restrictive clause defines its referent in the main clause more specifically and contributes significantly to the meaning of the sentence. Thus it is that particular uncle who lives in London who is referred to (1b). In 2a, all policies were unpopular and all were rejected, whereas in 2b only the policies that were unpopular were rejected. Note that in restrictive clauses the non-human relative pronoun is either ‘that’ or ‘which’, whereas for human referents the relative pronoun can be either ‘who/m’ or ‘that’ (the man that/whom I will marry ....).
3. A test on FORMAL ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
Directions: Combine the sentences. Use formal written English.
Use (b) as an adjective clause. Punctuate carefully.
1) (a) An antecedent is a word. (b) A pronoun refers to this word.
An antecedent ____
2) (a) The blue whale is considered the largest animal that has ever lived.(b) It can grow to 100 feet and 150 tons.
The blue whale ____
3) (a) The plane was met by a crowd of 300. (b) Some of them had been waiting for more than 4 hours.
The plane ____
4) (a) In this paper, I will describe the basic process.(b) Raw cotton becomes cotton thread by this process.
In this paper, I will describe ____
5) (a) The researchers are doing case studies of people to determine the importance of heredity in health and longevity.(b) These people’s families have a history of high blood pressure and heart disease.
The researchers are doing case studies ____
6) (a) At the end of this month, scientists at the institute will conduct their AIDS research. (b) The results of this research will be published within 6 months.
At the end of this month, scientists ____
7) (a) According to many education officials, ‘math phobia’(that is, a fear of mathematics) is a widespread problem. (b) A solution to this problem must and can be found.
According to many education officials, ‘math phobia’ ____
8) (a) The art museum hopes to hire a new administrator.
(b) Under this person’s direction it will be able to purchase significant pieces of art.
The art museum ____
9) (a) The giant anteater licks up ants for its dinner.
(b) Its tongue is longer than 30 centimeters (12 inches).
The giant anteater ____
10) (a) The anteater’s tongue is sticky.
(b) It can go in and out of its mouth 160 times a minute.
The anteater’s tongue ____
III. Closing down by taking a quiz
Quiz on Attributive clause
Select one answer from the choices provided after each sentence. The words you choose should fit the blank in the sentence. Don’t use the HINT buttons unless you really need them.
1. As many children came were given some cakes.
A. that B. as C. who D. whom
Tags：
作者：本站收集整理
- 好的评价 如果您觉得此文章好，就请您
0%(0) 
- 差的评价 如果您觉得此文章差，就请您
0%(0) 
中查找“新课标必修2教案Unit1 Cultural relics[综合]”更多相关内容
中查找“新课标必修2教案Unit1 Cultural relics[综合]”更多相关内容评论内容只代表网友观点，与本站立场无关！
评论摘要(共 0 条，得分 0 分，平均 0 分)
查看完整评论
