中考单项选择分类解析——精讲十一、动词的语态

【2012 贵州遵义】34. Nick _______ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn’t take it.

A. offered    B. has offered     C. was offered

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态, Nick 被提供了一份工作，由he didn’t take it可知是过去时，因此用一般过去时被动语态。

【2012江苏常州】9. As the certain ______, the famous singer came out. The fans ______ and screamed with excitement.

  A. was raised; rose                     B. had been raised; were raised

  C. rose; were raised                    D. had risen; raised

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查动词被动语态。句意：当幕布升起的时候，著名的歌唱家出场了。粉丝们起身并兴奋地尖叫起来。主语为the certain，故此空应该用被动语态；第二句中的主语为The fans，此空应该用主动语态，故答案为A。

【2012江苏泰州】10. —Do you like reading books?

—Yes. Each of us       to do more reading in and after class.

A. are encouraged      B. encourage       C. is encouraged     D. is encouraging

【答案】C

【解析】此题考查被动语态，我们每个人被鼓励，each做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故选C.

【2012广东梅州】42. In the old days, they_______ in the factory from morning to evening.

   A. were made to work    B. asked to work    C. made to work   D. were asked for work

【答案】A

【解析】此题考查被动语态，in the old days表示过去，考察一般过去时的被动语态，故选A.

【2012山东东营】22. If all business goes paperless, at least one million tons of paper will be           a year.

   A. used                 B. saved                            C. copied                           D. offered

【答案】B

【解析】此题考查被动语态, 将来时的被动语态，动词的形式是will be done, 句意是如果实行无纸办公，每年至少有一百万吨纸张被节省，所以选B。

【2012新疆阜康】 35. The old over 90    not only by their family but also by the government in many places.

A. is looked at         B. are taken good care of       C. are taken good care    D. is looking after

【答案】B

【解析】此题考查被动语态, 一般现在时，the old 表示老人这一类人，看成复数，再者一般情况下不及物动词没有被动语态，一些动词短语可以有被动语态，但短语中的介词、副词不能省略。故选B。

【2012湖南衡阳】28. The bridge ______ two years ago.

A. built       B. was built               C. is built

【答案】B

【解析】选B。考查被动语态。桥是被建造的，而two years ago表示过去，因此用一般过去时被动语态。

【2012福建南平】32. Zhang Lili is very brave and she __________"The Most Beautiful Teacher".

A. is called                     B. calls                    C. are called

【答案】A

【解析】考查被动语态，表示“被叫做”选A。

【2012 佛山】32. Air must       fresh ail the time. It’s good for our health.

A. keep                       B. is kept                    C. be kept

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态，含情态动词的被动语态，动词结构是 情态动词﹢be﹢过去分词。故选C.

【2012 广东河源】42. In the old days, they ______ in the factory from morning to night.

A.    were made to work B. asked to work C. made to work D. were asked to work

【答案】A

【解析】考查被动语态, 一般过去时的被动语态，make sb do sth 变成被动语态时，两动词之间要加to，变成be made to do sth。故选A.

【2012广西柳州】45. I won`t leave my office until my work _________.

   A. finishes       B. will finish     C. is finished

【答案】C

【解析】选C。考查被动语态。My work指工作，是完成的对象，因此用被动语态。

【2012 贵州六盘水】37. Look at that sign. Smoking             here.

A. isn’t allowed B. doesn’t，t allow C. aren’t allowed D. don’t allow

【答案】A

【2012黔西南】21.A football match between Class Two and Class Three ________tomorrow afternoon.

A. is held       B. was held           C. must be held    D. will be held

【解析】D. 考查动词的语态。从时间状语tomorrow afternoon可知，应该用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D答案，

【2012黑龙江鸡西】30. She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.

A. has been away from  B. has left                       C. had left

答案：A

【解析】考查被动语态，由for many years可知是现在完成时的被动，故选A。

【2012湖南怀化】29.The telephone          by a well-known scientist, Edison.

A. invented                                          B. inventing                                  C. was invented 

【答案】C

【解析】此题考察被动语态。根据句意：电话是著名的科学界爱迪生发明的。主语与谓语动词之间是被动关系。其结构是：be+done。故选C。

【2012吉林】47. Many trees and flowers _____ in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden.

A. have planted         B. are planted        C. were planted        D. will be planted

【答案】C

【解析】此题考察被动语态。由last year可知考察一般过去时的被动，所以选C。

【2012辽宁大连】3.I ____ to the cinema. Would you like to come with me?

  A. go         B. am going         C have gone   D. went

答案：B

【解析】考察时态，由句意你愿意和我一块去吗？可知还没去，所以应该是我将要去，考察将来时，故选B。

【2012 内蒙古包头】34. It’s a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal         .

  A. serves   B. served   C. is served     D. will be served

【答案】C

【解析】此题考察被动语态，叙述风俗习惯，用一般现在时，故选C。

【2012宁夏】32. —Why didn’t John come to Susan’s birthday party?

—He        .

A. isn’t invited    B. didn’t invite   C. wasn’t invited   D. hasn’t invited

【答案】C

【解析】此题考察被动语态，由Why didn’t John come to Susan’s birthday party?可知是一般过去时，所以选C。

2012天津】42. The 30th Olympic Games _________ in London soon.

   A. held        B. will be held        C. were held       D. have been held

【答案】B

【解析】此题考察被动语态，soon说明用一般将来时，所以选B.

【2012 云南昆明】34. Fifteen-year-olds _______ to have jobs.

A. is not allowed  B. are allowed  C. is allowed   D. are not allowed

【答案】D

【解析】此题考察被动语态, Fifteen-year-olds是复数，句意是15岁大的孩子不被允许去工作，故选D。

【2012四川遂宁】27. Every year, trees ______ in our city in order to protect our environment.

       A. is planted                      B. are planted                           C. plant

【答案】 B

【解析】此题考察被动语态，every year说明是一般现在时， 所以选B。

【2012广东】35. Hot water           in the students' flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.

A. supplies                  B. is supplied        C. supplied             D. was supplied

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。由句子前面的Hot water可知主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，且时间是now现在，所以选择答案B。

【2012河北】44. More money_______ when we use both sides of paper.

A. will save   B. was saved       C. has saved    D. will be saved

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。该句子是个复合句，主句的主语是more money，事物作主语，根据句意“当我们使用纸张的正反两面时，更多的钱就被剩下来了”，可见也就是主语是动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态，这是一种设想和假设所以要用将来时态。所以选择答案D。

【2012四川凉山】31 . —When ______the teaching buildings _____ in your school?

—In 2001.

A. was; built        B. are; builded   C. were; built

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。首先，有答语的2011年可知要用过去时，再由上句的主语是the teaching buildings，可知是复数，所以选择答案C。

【2012江西】39. —Oh, my God! I can’t find my key to the office.

—Don’t worry. Perhaps it _______ at your home.

A. left             B. has left            C. was left         D. had left

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。根据句意“天呢？我找不到我的办公室钥匙了”“不要着急，也许它被忘在家里了”，可见所在句子的主语是“遗忘”的承受者，所以要用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012贵州贵阳】39. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees _______ around the city every year.

   A. plant             B. are planted          C. will plant

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词语态的用法。trees与plant存在着被动关系，应用动词的被动语态。根据句意：为了我们的家乡更美丽，每年围着城市多种些树。故选B.

【2012浙江宁波】23. —Why is your bedroom so dirty?

—Sorry, Mum. It _____________. I felt very tired after playing soccer.

A. isn't cleaned    B. didn't clean    C. doesn't clean    D. wasn't cleaned

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。根据句意“你的卧室为何这么脏？对不起，因为没有打扫”。可见是卧室和打扫存在被动关系，所以要用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2011湖南株洲】27. If more trees ______ planted, our city will be more beautiful.

       A. were                               B. are                                  C. will be

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。根据句子结构，if从句的主语是more trees，又由句意“如果栽种上更多的树木，我们的城市将会更美丽”，可见trees是动作的承受者，又因为在if引导的条件张语从句中，要用一般时态代替将来时态，所以要用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012山东泰安】32. —Mum, when can I watch TV?

—As soon as your homework _______.

A. finish  B. finished  C. is finished  D. will be finished

【答案】C

【解析】考查被动语态的用法。该句子的主语是your homework“你的作业”，事物作主语要用被动语态，这里是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，用一般时态代替将来时，所以用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012 山东临沂】33. Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks ____ for their fins.

A. were killed    B. have killed      C. are killed     D. will killed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。Sharks 与kill之间存在被动关系，故可排除B、D项；根据every year 可知，用一般过去式的被动语态。

【2012福建福州】43. — Our classroom ____________every day.

— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.

A. cleans        B. is cleaning        C. is cleaned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的语态。句子的主语是Our classroom为物，事物作主语要用被动语态，句意“教室每天被打扫”，故选C。

【2012浙江衢州】23. In July, 2012, the 30th Olympic Games_______ in London.

A. will he held    B. be held  C. is held  D. was held

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据“In July, 2012”，时间还没到，与一般将来时相连用，故选A。

【2012浙江湖州】22. —Sixteen-year-olds ______ to drive in China.

—But in America, they can.

A. is allowed   B. is not allowed   C. are allowed   D. are not allowed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。主语为“Sixteen-year-olds”，是复数，故A和B排除。根据句意“在中国十六岁的人不被允许开车”“但是在美国，十六岁的人却可以”，故选D。

【2012.安徽】49. The task____ in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.

A. was finished   B. will be finished C. has been finished D. can't be finished

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词的语态。“in an hour”意为“一小时后”，与一般将来时相连用。前句意为“一小时后任务将被完成。”用被动语态。故选B。

【2012四川绵阳】6. When I called the bus service, I ________ that there was no more bus.

  A. was telling   B. was told   C. has told   D. had told

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的语态。根据句意“当我打电话给汽车服务时，我被告诉没有车了”，意为汽车服务中心的人告诉我没有车了。故用被动语态，故选B。

【2012重庆】33. Chinese           by more and more people from all over the world today.

   A. learn             B. learned             C. is learned         D. was learned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“今天全世界越来越多的人学习中文”，句子的主语是Chinese为物，要用被动语态。再根据“today”，故选C。

【2012江苏淮安】8.Alice       some advice on how to improve her listening skills, and she gladly accepted Miss Green’s.

A. gave                B. was given              C. gives               D. is given

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据短语give sb. some advice“给某人提建议”可知，Alice被给予了建议，所以应该运用被动语态，另外，从后句的accepted可见是用过去时，所以这里也是过去时，也就是要运用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012江苏盐城】14. In the past few years, thousands of films         all over the world.

A. have produced             B. have been produced

C. are producing        D. are being produced

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“在过去的几年里，上千部的电影在全世界制造出来”，句子的主语是films电影，属于物，也就是动作的承受者，所以要用被动语态。另外，根据时间状语in the past few years，从过去到现在，所以要用完成时态，所以选择答案B，要用完成时态的被动语态。

【2012湖北襄阳】39. —It’s difficult for village children to cross the river to school.

  —I think a bridge _____over the river.

  A. should be built    B. will build    C. is built   D. was built

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词的被动语态。根据句意“乡村的孩子过河太难了”“我认为应该在河上修建一座桥”，从句的主语是a bridge，是修建的承受者，所以要用含有should的被动语态，所以选择答案A。

【2012 呼和浩特】7. No decision _______ about that matter yet. We are still considering it.

A. has been made        B. has made          C. will be made    D. will make

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。本来的短语是make a decision做出决定，在这里decision作句子的主语，成了动作的承受者，因此，要运用被动语态。另外，根据句意“关于那事，还没有做出什么决定，我们仍然在考虑”，可见决定是从过去到现在都没做出，所以要运用完成时态的被动语态，所以选择答案A。

【2012贵州安顺】20.The old man _____ in Shanghai, but he _____ in Haikou now.  

A．be born; live        B．was born ; live     C．is born; lives             D．was born; lives   

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句子结构，前句表达出生，一般都是过去时态的被动语态；后句是一般现在时态，主语是he，所以谓语动词要运用第三人称单数形式，所以选择答案D。

【2012贵州安顺】27.It’s difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school．We think a bridge_____ over the river．                              

A．was built       B．should be built     C．has been built      D．is being built

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“乡村的孩子过河上学去太难了，我认为应该在河上修建一座桥”，从句的主语是a bridge，是修建的承受者，所以要用含有should的被动语态，所以选择答案A。

 

【2012湖北随州】29. —When and where to spend the holiday _______ yet.

—Let’s make it now.

A. is decided      B. doesn’t decide    C. has not been decided     D. has decided

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句是个复合句，句子是主语是不定式的复合结构When and where to spend the holiday，也就是从句意“什么时间在哪里过假期还没有决定”主语是“决定”动词的承受着，所以应用被动语态，由yet也可知，应该运用完成时态的被动语态否定式，所以选择答案C。

【2012湖北黄冈】34. —Hey, Molly. You _____ on the phone just now.

But you weren't here and the man left a phone number.

—Oh? I was in the library.

      A. wanted         B. are wanted        C. were wanted       D. have wanted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。首先，根据句末的just now刚才，可知应用过去时。其次，根据句意“有你的电话”，you 和want是被动关系，所以应用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012湖北黄冈】42. —Do you have Jay's CDs?

   —Sorry, they are _____. But we'll get some more next week because they _____.

  A. sold well； are on sale                  B. sold out； sell well

    C. selling well; sell well                  D. for sale; sell well

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。第一空要表达“对不起，他们全卖没了”，they和sell out之间是一种被动关系，所以要用被动语态；第二空，表达产品畅销使用sell well主动表被动，所以选择答案B。

【 2012四川成都】34. Lady Gaga is very popular, and she          by many boys and girls at school.

   A. loves                     B. is loving                 C. is loved

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“Lady Gaga非常受欢迎，她神兽学校里的男孩女孩的喜爱”，she和动词love是被动关系，所以要运用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012天津】42. The 30th Olympic Games _________ in London soon.

   A. held        B. will be held        C. were held       D. have been held

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据常识我们知道，中考时30届奥运会还没召开，所以要用将来时态，加上奥运会是被召开，所以要运用将来时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012四川自贡】28. I think teenagers should      drive. They are not serious enough.

    A. be allowed to   B. not be allowed to       C. not allow to

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的被动语态的结构。根据句意“我认为青少年不应该被允许驾驶”，属于被动语态的否定式，要在情态动词should后加not在加be + 过去分词，所以选择答案B。

【2012 广西桂林】36.                          The 30^th Olympic Games         in July 2012 in London. [

      A. is held               B. was held         C. will hold          D. will be held

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据常识我们知道，中考时30届奥运会还没召开，所以要用将来时态，加上奥运会是被召开，所以要运用将来时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2012 内蒙古包头】34. It’s a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal         .

  A. serves   B. served   C. is served     D. will be served

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“在中国，在上菜之前喝点茶或其他饮料这是一个习惯”可见，在before后的从句中the meal和动词serve之间是被动关系，且说的是一般习惯，所以用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012湖北宜昌】38. —It’s reported that some capsules（胶囊）are really bad for our health.

   —Sounds terrible. Hopefully the problem          as soon as possible.

   A. is solved            B. has solved           C. was solved        D. will be solved

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意，上句“据报道，一些胶囊对人的身体健康有害”，下句“真可怕，但愿这一问题会尽快解决”，由此可知problem和动词solve是一种被动关系，且还未解决，所以要用将来时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2012湖北咸宁】24.―Zongzi ______ to students for free in our dining hall on Dragon Boat Festival.

    ―Really? That sounds cool! 

A. offer   B. have offered    C. are offered  D. will be offered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据对话内容：“端午节时，在我们学校的餐厅里会免费提供粽子”“真的吗？棒极了”可见粽子只能是被提供，且在中考时还未到端午节，所以要运用将来时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2012湖北咸宁】28.―Three _____ injured students died in a hospital ineast China's Jiangsu Province last year.

―Sorry to hear that. But our government ______ much about the school bus safety management.

A. serious; did           B. bad; did

C. seriously; has done    D. badly; was done

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的副词用法与语态。第一空需要用来修饰后面的形容词injured，所以要用副词seriously或badly表示坏的事情程度严重；第二空，要表示“我们的政府已经采取措施关注校车事故安全管理”所以要用完成时态主动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012北京】33. Today, computers are really helpful. They ____ everywhere.

A. use                         B. are used                        C. used                D. were used

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。这里的they是指上句的computers电脑，它与后面的use使用显然是被动关系，这里承接上句还是说的today当今，所以运用一般现在时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012广西玉林】38. Last year, Shenzhou-8 _______ into the space. It made us proud.

A. is sent    B. was sent    C. sends    D. sent 

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句子的时间状语是last year所以要用过去时态，主语“神州8号”与send发射是一种被动关系，所以要用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012 湖北黄石】35.You have to stay behind if your homework______ before five o'clock.

A. isn't done   B. won't be done   C. doesn't do   D. wasn't done

【答案】A 

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。首先，在if引导的条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时态代替将来时态。其次，从句主语homework与do“做”之间是被动关系，所以要用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案A。

【2012湖北十堰】35. I ________________ little time to get ready for the test, so I wasn’t confident at that time.

       A. gave         B. didn’t give             C. was given              D. wasn’t given

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句是复合句，根据后句的I wasn’t可知前句也要用过去时，根据句意“在测试之前我被给予了和少的时间准备”可见，主语I和动词give是被动关系，所以运用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2012江苏徐州】12. The room       every day. You can live in now.

   A. cleans        B. is cleaning      C. is cleaned        D. has cleaned

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。根据句意“房间每天都打扫，你现在可以居住了”，可知，房间是每天被打扫，所以要用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案C。

【2011河南】(     ) 30. —Have you heard of Earth Day?

—Yes. The first Earth Day _________ in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.

A. celebrates .     B. celebrated

C. is celebrated           D. was celebrated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。由时间状语in 1970可知要用过去时，根据句意“首个地球日在1970年召开，旨在教育我们保护我们的星球”，可见要用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2012陕西】29. A new club _____ in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members.

A. starts    B. is started     C. has started     D. was started 

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句的时间状语的“今年初”，针对中考时，已是过去，所以要用过去时态。句子主语a new club与谓语动词start“开办”之间是被动关系，所以要运用过去时态的被动语态，所以选择答案D。

【2012四川达州】29. — John, you       go out to play until your homework       .  

—OK, Mum.

A. must; finishes             B. can’t; is finished  

   C. can’t; has finished          D. needn’t; finishes

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句是复合句，第一空构成not…until…“直到……才……”也就是“你做完作业之前不能出去”，until后的从句中，用一般时态代替将来时态，且主语只homework是动词finish完成的承受者，所以要用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。

【2012湖南常德】24. Many trees and flowers _______ in our city every year.

A. planted  B. are planted  C. were planted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态与语态。该句子的主语是trees and flowers，是动词plant的承受者，有根据时间状语every year可知，要运用一般时态的被动语态，所以选择答案B。