必修3教案 Unit2 Healthy Eating-Come and Eat here(1)

2．某些及物动词转为不及物动词后，其主动形式表示被动意义，如open（打开，营业），close（关门），shut（关闭），cut（切割），weigh(重), act（上演）等。
The door won't shut.
This shop opens much earlier than it used to.
Each stone weighs 2 tons.
3．某些不及物动词，如happen, occur, cost以及短语，如come out（出版），come up（出现），come into being（产生）come to one's mind想起），turn out（证明是），come about（发生），break out(爆发），belong to (属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用主动形式。
The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.
Suddenly an idea came to his mind.
It never occurred to me to phone you.
十、虚拟语气动词类
insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand等后接引导的宾语从句时，谓语动词须用“(should)＋动词原形”。
The guard at the gate insisted that everyone should obey the rules.
The rule requires that everyone, young or old, man or women, have his car checked once a year.
十一、省略替代类
believe, think, suppose, guess, hope, expect, imagine, would like/ love, be afraid等动词用于简略回答中，后接so来替代肯定分句，用not来替代否定分句。或接to来替代前面内容相同的不定式，表示看法、意见、设想、打算等。例如：
—Do you think Norman would have lent me his car I had asked him to?
—Yes, I ,think so.
—Will you be able to come to my birthday party?
—I'd love to, but I'm too busy.
注意：believe, think, suppose, guess等用于否定回答时，既可以说I believe (think, suppose guess) not，也可以说I don't believe (think, suppose guess) so，但用hope, expect, be afraid作否定回答时，只能说I hope (expect) not以及I'm afraid not
十二、否定转移类
think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句若为否定结构，常将否定词not前移到主句中。
I don't think it is possible to learn a foreign language well without much memory work.
He doesn't think Tom will make an excellent player.
当该结构的主句主语为第一人称时，变为反意疑问句，后半句的主语和谓语简略形式应与从句保持一致，否则与主句保持一致。例如：
I don't think there is anything else I need, is there?
He doesn't believe he will be able to solve the problems by herself, does he?
十三、带介词to的动词短语类
这类短语有be (get) used to, lead to, devote…to, look forward to, stick to, object to, get down to, there is no end to等。当它们后面出现动词时，要用V-ing形式。例如：
I've got used to driving in all kinds of weather.
As soon as she returned home from abroad, she got down to preparing supper for children.
注意区分介词to与不定式符号to
He used to drive on the right and now he is used to driving on the left. (used to表“过去常常”,to为不定式符号，be used to 表“习惯于”,to为介词）
I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.（look forward to意思是“盼望，期待”，to为介词。）
He looked forward to see what was happening.  (look forward意为“向前看”，to see是不定式作目的状语。）
十四、瞬间（非延续性动词）类
这类动词常考的有go, come, leave, start, return, begin, arrive, stop, finish, borrow, lend, open, close, die, become, break, join, marry, employ, graduate等。瞬间（非延续性动词）表短暂性的动作，因此不可与表“段时间”的for/ since短语或since从句连用。例如：
He has come here for three years.（误）
He has been here for three years.（正）
It is three years since he came here.（正）
十五、计划未能实现类
intend, mean, hope, wish, plan, expect, think, want, suppose等动词用于过去时态，可表示过去未能实现的愿望、想法、打算等。
1．该类动词用于过去完成时后接不定式或宾语从句。
I had never thought you would bring me such a nice gift.
I had panned to call on you, but I was too busy to get away.
2．该类动词用于一般过去时后接不定式的完成式或一般式。
I'd like to have arrived on time, but I was caught on the traffic jam.

【高考链接】
1. Tom, you ________ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! (2005全国I)
 A. wouldn’t     B. mustn’t    C. needn’t    D. may not
2．—Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
   — She _______ . I’ve already borrowed one.（2005湖南）
A. can’t      B. mustn’t     C. needn’t      D. shouldn’t
3. —Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace ?( 2004湖北)
  —Sorry, I am not sure . But it          be.
A．might  B．will C．must  D．can
4. — Isn' t that Ann's husband over there?
 — No, it _______ be him —I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses. (2004 全国I)
A. can't    B. must not  C. won't  D. may not
5. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
  —Oh, dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!（2005江苏）
A. may go through B. might go through
C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through
6. —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You________ her last week. (2004福建)
A．ought to tell B．would have told  C．must tell D．should have told
7. —I don't mind telling you what I know.

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