高三英语教案 Unit 14 Zoology [知识点拨]

“涉及…（内容）”等含义。请学习下面例句中cover 一词的各种用法
e.g. Since water covers most of the earth, Corsteau knew we should keep the seas clean. 　　 由于水覆盖了地球的大部分，库斯托知道我们应该保持海洋清洁。
He tried to cover (up)his mistake.
他想掩盖他的错误。
He said he could cover the distance on foot in two hours.
他说这段路程两个小时能走完
How many pages have you covered? 你读了多少页了？
What are the main points you’re going to cover in your talk ?
你的报告主要涉及哪些内容。
We have only just covered our expenses.
我们所收入的仅够开支而已。
cover作名词，作“盖子”、“封面”解。
e.g. When the water boils, take the cover.
当水开的时候,把盖子揭开.
The book needs a new cover .
这书需要装个新封面.

What’s the problem with the animals at the zoo?
动物园里的动物有什么问题？
【点拨】What’s the problem with…
=What’s the trouble with…
=What’s the matter with…
=What's your problem?
=What's wrong with you?
都用来询问“…（你）怎么回事？”
Speaking

The two teams take turns speaking.
两只队伍轮流发言。
【点拨】 take turns doing sth. “轮流干…”，turn是名词。
为便于学习,现就turn的用法归纳如下: I. turn (n.)  顺序, 轮流  1. It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 It's your turn to make a decision. 
该你来做出决定了。
2. take one's turn to do sth. = do sth. in turn =do sth. by turns 轮流做某事 The nurses attended the patient in turn / by turns. 
=The nurses took turns to attend the patient. 
护士们轮流照顾病人。II. turn (vi.) 转动,转向,翻转  turn right / left = turn to the right / left  turn to sth. / sb. (for help)  turn to page 84 III. turn (link-v.) 变得…… turn green / yellow  变绿/黄了 Ten years later， he turned       teacher.    A. /    B. a    C. an    D. the 注: 此题考查turn 作连系动词的特殊用法,即 turn 作连系动词时后接表语名词，省略冠词. 所以此题的答案为A. 如果turn 后加into 则须在名词前加冠词a. IV. 固定词组:  1. turn against   背叛   Nobody will turn against his country.  2. turn down   关小 / 拒绝   He turned down my suggestion without hesitation. Please turn down the gas.  3. turn from side to side  把身体转来转去   The naughty boy turned from side to side while answering questions in class.  4. turn in 上交  The child picked up a purse on the way and turned it in to the policeman.  5. turn ... into ... (使……)成为……  The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields.   6. turn off 关(水源、 煤气、 电灯等) / 避开(问题等) Turn off the light when you leave the room.  7. turn on 打开(水、 煤气、 电灯、无线电等) / 对……发怒 turn on the radio turn the gun on sb. 8. turn out 结果是 / 证明是 / 生产出 The weather yesterday turned out (to be) fine. The factory turned out more products than they had expected.  9. turn over (使)打翻 / 翻身 / 翻动 / 翻耕(土地) / 转危为安   The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang. 10. turn up 开大 / 出现 / 找到 / 证明是 (= turn out to be)   The meeting is beginning， but he has not turned up. He might have been lost.

When all the teams are ready, the teacher will start and time the debate.
当所有队伍都准备好以后,老师就开始为辩论计时.
【点拨】time　是动词，＂计时＂的意思，还有“安排好时间,使合拍子;安排……的速度＂
e.g. How long can you hold your breath underwater ? Take a deep breath and I’ll time you . 你在水下能潜多久呢？深呼吸一下，我给你计时。
He timed his journey so that he could arrive at the hotel before dark . 他安排好了他的旅程，以便能在天黑以前到达旅馆。
He tried to time his steps to the music.
他尽力与音乐合节拍。
Reading　

Among the different types of bee, it is the honey bee that has most interested scientists because of the “language” they use to communicate with each other.
在不同种类的蜂中，最使科学家感兴趣的是蜜蜂，因为蜜蜂能用“语言”，来相互交际。
【点拨】…it is the honey bee that has most interested scientists…是一个由it 引导的强调句，被强调的部分是 the honey bee。如果不加以强调，则全句是：
…the honey bee has most interested scientists…
The development of the　 modern beehive in 1851 made it possible to design experiments to research the language of honey bees.
1851年新式蜂箱的研制，使设计实验研究蜜蜂的语言成为可能。

【点拨】 本句是一个简单句：The development… made it possible to design experiments …其中的 it是形式宾语，它所代替的真正宾语是后面的不定式短语 to design experiments。it作形式宾语的句型是：
主语 +及物动词 +it +宾语补足语 +不定式
e.g. I found it important to learn spoken English.
我发现学习英语口语很重要。
I think it hard to master a foreign language.
我认为掌握一门外语是很难的。
She feels it her duty to support her family.
她感到养家糊口是她的责任。
The storm made it impossible for them to march to the city.
暴风雨使他们不可能向城市进军。

Professor Karl von Frisch, a scientist from Austria, spent many years of his life researching the amazing ways honey-bees communicate in their dark hives.

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