高三英语教案 Unit 10 American literature (Grammar)
He is always making silly mistake.他总是犯愚蠢的错误。
You are always interrupting me!你老打断我的话。
She is always thinking of her work.她老想到她的工作。
He is continually reminding me of what I owe him.他老提起我欠他钱的事。
▲过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。如:
Tom was watching TV when I came in.我进来时,汤姆正在看电视。
She was then working in an army hospital.那时她在一家陆军医院工作。
At that time he was working in a laboratory.那时他在一家实验室工作。
During the summer of 2003 she was travelling in Europe.2003年夏天她在欧州旅行。
▲和现在进行时一样,某些动词如come,go,leave,stay等的过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。如:
She told me she was sending me some new stamps soon.她告诉我,不久她就会给我寄几张新邮票来。
She knew the plane was taking off in five minutes.她知道飞机五分钟后就要起飞了。
▲和现在进行时一样,过去进行时与always,forever,continually,constantly,frequently连用时,表示过去的经常性、习惯性动作,并带说话者的某种感情,如赞美、厌恶等。如:
The two brothers were frequently quarrelling. 这俩兄弟老是吵架。
He was always complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那。
She was continually asking questions.她老是提问题。
【注】过去进行时与一般过去时的区别,前者表示一个正在进行的尚未完成的动作,而后者表示一个业已完成的动作。如:
She was writing letters.I didn’t want to disturb her.她在写信,我不想打扰她。
She wrote several letters and asked me to post them.她写了几封信让我寄出去。
It was raining this morning.今天早晨一直在下雨。
It rained this morning.今天早晨下雨了。
【注】动词hope,think,wonder的过去进行时并非指过去,而是指现在,表示谦虚,有礼貌的询问或建议。如:
I was wondering whether you’d like to go with me.我不知道你是否愿意和我一起去。
I was hoping we could have dinner to together.我希望我们能在一起吃饭。
▲将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内进行的动作。如:
Don’t phone me between 7 and 8 p.m.We’ll be having dinner then.
七、八点钟之间别来电话,那时我们正在吃晚饭。
At this time tomorrow,I’ll be taking a test.明天这时我会在考试。
A week from today,we’ll be flying home.一星期之后我们就乘坐飞机回家了。
▲将来进行时还可用来表示安排要做的事。如:
We’ll be spending the winter in Australia.我们将在澳大利亚过冬。
Professor Blake win be giving a lecture on American Literature tomorrow evening.
布莱克教授明晚将作一个关于美国文学的报告。
【注】将来进行时比一般将来时语气委婉客气。如:
When you pay back the money?(不太客气)
When you be paying back the money?(比较委婉)
▲现在完成时
表示发生在过去或已经完成了的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,换言之动作已发生在过去,着重的是对现在的影响。如:
Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你过去长城吗?
I have forgotten her telephone number.我忘了她的电话号码了。
We’ve not been to the cinema recently.我们最近没去看电影。
▲表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。如:
He has worked as an animal trainer for many years. 他当了好几年的训兽师。
I’ve waited a week for your answer.等你的答复我等了一个星期。
▲用于时间或条件从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。如:
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.等车停了再下车。
We’ll start at three o’clock if it has stopped raining by then.
我们将在三点钟动身,如果那时雨停了的话。
【注】现在完成时和一般过去时的比较:
这两个时态虽都表示过去发生的事,但着眼点不一样,现在完成时是要说明过去的动作对现在的影响,而一般过去时只是单纯的谈过去的动作或状态本身,不与现在相联系。如:
“Come and have breakfast with us.”“Thank you.I’ve just had it.”
“来跟我们一块儿吃早饭吧。”“谢谢,我已吃过了。”(饱了,吃不下了)
I had my breakfast in the dining hall.我在饭厅吃的早饭。(仅说明吃饭这个事实)
I’ve chosen some CDs for the party.我为晚会选了几张唱盘。(可以在晚会上听了)
I chose some novels and bought them.我挑了几本小说买下了。(没说明与现在的联系)
I have seen him.我见过他了。
I saw him yesterday.我昨天见到他了。
▲现在完成进行时
表示一个由过去某时起一直持续的动作,这个动作可能刚停止,也可能还在继续。如:
There you are!I’ve been waiting for two hours!
你到底来了,我等你等了二个小时了!
She is very tired.She’s been working the whole morning.她很累,她干了一个上午了。
It has been raining,but it has just stopped now.天一直下雨,刚停。
▲有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停地进行,而是表示一直到说话时的一段时间内一直重复的动作,常常有感情色彩。如:
He has been calling on her several times this week.他这个星期几次来看她。
We’ve been having a lot of rain recently.最近雨水很多。
▲有时现在完成进行时表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作,也就表示直到说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作。这一动作到说话时已经结束,而且不再继续下去。这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。如:
You have been cleaning the classroom.I think.
我想你刚才在打扫教室吧!(言外之意:Your clothes are covered with dust.)
The boy has been playing with toys.
那男孩一直在玩玩具。(言外之意:There are toys hare and there on the noor.)
Her eyes are red.She has been crying.她眼睛红了,她一直在哭。
【注】现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:
这两个动作都表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作,有时可换用,但现在完成时着重动作的结果,而现在完成进行时着重表示动作的未完成,强调动作的持续性。如:
You are always interrupting me!你老打断我的话。
She is always thinking of her work.她老想到她的工作。
He is continually reminding me of what I owe him.他老提起我欠他钱的事。
▲过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。如:
Tom was watching TV when I came in.我进来时,汤姆正在看电视。
She was then working in an army hospital.那时她在一家陆军医院工作。
At that time he was working in a laboratory.那时他在一家实验室工作。
During the summer of 2003 she was travelling in Europe.2003年夏天她在欧州旅行。
▲和现在进行时一样,某些动词如come,go,leave,stay等的过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。如:
She told me she was sending me some new stamps soon.她告诉我,不久她就会给我寄几张新邮票来。
She knew the plane was taking off in five minutes.她知道飞机五分钟后就要起飞了。
▲和现在进行时一样,过去进行时与always,forever,continually,constantly,frequently连用时,表示过去的经常性、习惯性动作,并带说话者的某种感情,如赞美、厌恶等。如:
The two brothers were frequently quarrelling. 这俩兄弟老是吵架。
He was always complaining about something.他老是怨这怨那。
She was continually asking questions.她老是提问题。
【注】过去进行时与一般过去时的区别,前者表示一个正在进行的尚未完成的动作,而后者表示一个业已完成的动作。如:
She was writing letters.I didn’t want to disturb her.她在写信,我不想打扰她。
She wrote several letters and asked me to post them.她写了几封信让我寄出去。
It was raining this morning.今天早晨一直在下雨。
It rained this morning.今天早晨下雨了。
【注】动词hope,think,wonder的过去进行时并非指过去,而是指现在,表示谦虚,有礼貌的询问或建议。如:
I was wondering whether you’d like to go with me.我不知道你是否愿意和我一起去。
I was hoping we could have dinner to together.我希望我们能在一起吃饭。
▲将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内进行的动作。如:
Don’t phone me between 7 and 8 p.m.We’ll be having dinner then.
七、八点钟之间别来电话,那时我们正在吃晚饭。
At this time tomorrow,I’ll be taking a test.明天这时我会在考试。
A week from today,we’ll be flying home.一星期之后我们就乘坐飞机回家了。
▲将来进行时还可用来表示安排要做的事。如:
We’ll be spending the winter in Australia.我们将在澳大利亚过冬。
Professor Blake win be giving a lecture on American Literature tomorrow evening.
布莱克教授明晚将作一个关于美国文学的报告。
【注】将来进行时比一般将来时语气委婉客气。如:
When you pay back the money?(不太客气)
When you be paying back the money?(比较委婉)
▲现在完成时
表示发生在过去或已经完成了的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,换言之动作已发生在过去,着重的是对现在的影响。如:
Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你过去长城吗?
I have forgotten her telephone number.我忘了她的电话号码了。
We’ve not been to the cinema recently.我们最近没去看电影。
▲表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。如:
He has worked as an animal trainer for many years. 他当了好几年的训兽师。
I’ve waited a week for your answer.等你的答复我等了一个星期。
▲用于时间或条件从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作。如:
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.等车停了再下车。
We’ll start at three o’clock if it has stopped raining by then.
我们将在三点钟动身,如果那时雨停了的话。
【注】现在完成时和一般过去时的比较:
这两个时态虽都表示过去发生的事,但着眼点不一样,现在完成时是要说明过去的动作对现在的影响,而一般过去时只是单纯的谈过去的动作或状态本身,不与现在相联系。如:
“Come and have breakfast with us.”“Thank you.I’ve just had it.”
“来跟我们一块儿吃早饭吧。”“谢谢,我已吃过了。”(饱了,吃不下了)
I had my breakfast in the dining hall.我在饭厅吃的早饭。(仅说明吃饭这个事实)
I’ve chosen some CDs for the party.我为晚会选了几张唱盘。(可以在晚会上听了)
I chose some novels and bought them.我挑了几本小说买下了。(没说明与现在的联系)
I have seen him.我见过他了。
I saw him yesterday.我昨天见到他了。
▲现在完成进行时
表示一个由过去某时起一直持续的动作,这个动作可能刚停止,也可能还在继续。如:
There you are!I’ve been waiting for two hours!
你到底来了,我等你等了二个小时了!
She is very tired.She’s been working the whole morning.她很累,她干了一个上午了。
It has been raining,but it has just stopped now.天一直下雨,刚停。
▲有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停地进行,而是表示一直到说话时的一段时间内一直重复的动作,常常有感情色彩。如:
He has been calling on her several times this week.他这个星期几次来看她。
We’ve been having a lot of rain recently.最近雨水很多。
▲有时现在完成进行时表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作,也就表示直到说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作。这一动作到说话时已经结束,而且不再继续下去。这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。如:
You have been cleaning the classroom.I think.
我想你刚才在打扫教室吧!(言外之意:Your clothes are covered with dust.)
The boy has been playing with toys.
那男孩一直在玩玩具。(言外之意:There are toys hare and there on the noor.)
Her eyes are red.She has been crying.她眼睛红了,她一直在哭。
【注】现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:
这两个动作都表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作,有时可换用,但现在完成时着重动作的结果,而现在完成进行时着重表示动作的未完成,强调动作的持续性。如:
Tags:
作者:本站收集整理评论内容只代表网友观点,与本站立场无关!
评论摘要(共 0 条,得分 0 分,平均 0 分)
查看完整评论





